| 引用本文: | 聂锦杰,李明思,梁萌帆,等.一种基于大孔隙流理论的农田排水暗管的工作性能试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(12):86-93. |
| NIE Jinjie,LI Mingsi,LIANG Mengfan,et al.一种基于大孔隙流理论的农田排水暗管的工作性能试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(12):86-93. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】解决滴灌条件下暗管排水困难的问题。【方法】提出一种具有大孔隙流作用的排水暗管结构，通过土槽试验研究其对暗管排水和排盐效果的促进作用。试验中设置3种大孔隙流导管布置密度（3、4、5根），设置2种布置形式，即垂直埋设和弯曲埋设，并以无大孔隙流暗管的排水暗管作为对照（CK）；在相同灌水量和滴头流量条件下监测各种处理的土壤含水率和含盐量、暗管排水量和排盐量。【结果】①无大孔隙流导管的暗管不排水，而布置了大孔隙流导管的暗管均排出水分，排水量为7.81~12.25 L；并且随着大孔隙流导管布置密度的增大，暗管排水量也相应增加。②大孔隙流导管垂直布置时的排水量普遍比导管弯曲布置时的排水量大7.97%~19.57%。③CK的上层土壤脱盐、下层土壤积盐，而布置了大孔隙流导管的土壤整体处于脱盐状态，而且其表层土壤脱盐率最高可达92.86%，下层土壤脱盐率最高可达65.25%；导管布置密度越大，脱盐率越高。【结论】大孔隙流对暗管排水和排盐效果有促进作用，密度越大，促进作用越明显。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌； 暗管排水； 大孔隙流导管； 排水效果； 脱盐率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180064 |
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| Performance of a New Subsurface Drain System |
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NIE Jinjie, LI Mingsi, LIANG Mengfan, QIN Wenbao
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1.College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; 2.Taheyuan Survey and Design Institute, Akesu 843000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The efficacy of subsurface drain depends on many factors and the aim of this paper is to present a new system and the testing results of its efficiency. 【Method】 The new system consisted of ordinary subsurface drain and vertical or zig-zag pipes functioning as macropores to facilitate downward soil water flow. The experiment was conducted in soil tanks and we compared the performance of using three, four and five such pipes to enhance soil water movement; subsurface drain without such pipes was the control. In each treatment, we measured soil moisture, salt content, and water drainage from the subsurface drain. 【Result】①Subsurface drain without the pipe failed to function, while coupled with the pipes enabled it to drain 7.81 to 12.25 L of water, increasing with the pipe number. ②The vertical pipes was more effective, increasing water drainage by 7.97%~19.57% compared to the zigzag pipes. ③CK leached salt from the top soil but accumulated it in the subsoil. In contrast, the drain with the pipes can leach salt from the entire soil profile, with a leaching rate of 92.86% for the topsoil and 65.25% for the subsoil; the leaching rate increased with the pipe number. 【Conclusion】The new subsurface drain system could facilitate salt leaching and the leaching rate increased with pipe numbers. It can be used in areas where the soil is less permeable. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; subsurface pipe drainage; macropore flow conduit; drainage effect; desalination rate |
