| 引用本文: | 孙梦媛,刘景辉,赵宝平,等.全膜垄作对旱作马铃薯土壤含水率、酶活性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(4):. |
| SUN Mengyuan,LIU Jinghui,ZHAO Baoping,et al.全膜垄作对旱作马铃薯土壤含水率、酶活性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(4):. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为明确全膜垄作对黄土高原旱作马铃薯土壤保水改土效果及产量形成的影响，设全膜双垄垄上播（A1）、全膜单垄垄上播（A2）、全膜单垄垄上微沟播（A3）和露地常耕平作（CK）4种方式进行田间试验，分析了不同耕作方式对马铃薯田间土壤含水率、土壤酶活性和产量的影响。结果表明，全膜垄作均能提高各生育阶段0~100 cm土层土壤含水率，特别是对0~20 cm土层影响最为显著，在马铃薯需水关键期块茎形成期和块茎膨大期，0~100 cm土层土壤含水率A1、A2、A3处理较CK分别提高了27.93%、19.23%、34.93%和25.12%、26.94%、57.00%；全膜垄作均能显著提高马铃薯0~60 cm土层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶活性，以0~10 cm土层酶活性最高，随马铃薯生育期推进，土壤酶活性呈先增加后降低趋势，在块茎膨大期达到最大；同时，全膜垄作均能增加马铃薯产量，由高到低次序为A3处理>A1处理>A2处理>CK，其中A3处理比A1处理增加5.53%，比A2处理增加14.23%；A1、A2、A3处理的产量分别较CK提高了75.77%、66.56%、53.88%；与CK相比，全膜垄作不仅提高了马铃薯产量，而且降低马铃薯烂薯率和青薯率，其中全膜单垄垄上微沟播（A3）优于其他处理，可作为内蒙古黄土高原旱作区节水高产栽培模式。 |
| 关键词: 马铃薯； 酶活性； 含水率； 产量 |
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| Impact of Ridging with Full Plastic-film Mulching on Soil Water,Enzymatic Activities and Yield of Rain-fed Potato |
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SUN Mengyuan, LIU Jinghui, ZHAO Baoping, YANG Yanming, MA Bin, ZHANG Xinglong, XU Chang
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Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010019, China
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| Abstract: |
| Experiments involving four planting treatments: double ridgingwith full film mulching (A1), single ridging with full film mulching (A2), single ridgingwith full film mulching by planting potato in a micro-furrow channel (A3), and conventional planting (CK), were conducted to investigate their impact on soil water, enzymatic activity and potato yield in a rain-fed field. The results showed that water content in 0~100 cm was improved in all treatments with mulching and ridging, especially in 0~20 cm, compared to the CK. During the tuber-formation and tuber-expansion periods, soil water content in 0~100 cm under A1, A2 and A3 increased by 27.93%, 19.23%, 34.93% and 25.12%, 26.94%, 57.00% respectively, in comparison with the CK. The activity of sucrose, urease, catalase and phosphatase in 0~60 cm under ridging with full filming also increased significantly, especially in 0~10 cm. As the potato grew, the enzymatic activity first increased and then decreased, peaking at the tuber-expansion period. The yield under ridging with full film mulching increased considerably in order of A3>A1>A2>CK.In particular, the yield in A3 was 5.53% and 14.23% higher than that in A2 and A1 respectively. In comparison with the CK, the yields of A1, A2 and A3 increased by 75.77%, 66.56%, 53.88% respectively. Compared with the traditional planting treatment, ridging with full filming not only improved yield, but also reduced the rotten rate and green potato rate. Single ridging with full film mulching by planting the potato in a small channel (i.e., A3) was most effective, offering a water-saving cultivation for dryland in the loess plateau of Inner Mongolia. |
| Key words: potato; enzyme activity; water content; yield |
