| 引用本文: | 周德录,刘广才,李城德,等.覆膜方式对不同生态区大豆产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):22-27. |
| ZHOU Delu,LIU Guangcai,LI Chengde,et al.覆膜方式对不同生态区大豆产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):22-27. |
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| 摘要: |
| 全膜微垄沟播种植技术是在全膜双垄沟播技术的基础上创新研发的一种集覆盖抑蒸、垄面集雨、垄沟种植为一体的新型地膜覆盖技术。【目的】明确西北半干旱雨养区地膜覆盖条件下旱地大豆在不同生态区产量的差异。【方法】于2014—2016年进行大田定位试验，以露地无覆盖（CK)为对照，设置了3种覆膜方式，分别为全膜微垄沟播（T1）、全膜双垄沟播（T2）、全膜覆土穴播（T3），研究半湿润偏旱区、半干旱区、半干旱偏旱区3种不同生态区地膜覆盖对大豆产量及水分利用效率的影响。【结果】与CK相比，在3个生态区均以T1处理产量最高，T2处理次之，T3处理最低；其中全膜微垄沟播不同生态区比较：半湿润偏旱区>半干旱区>半干旱偏旱区，分别较露地无覆盖CK增产58.5%、78.1%和95.3%；水分利用效率分别较CK提高65.9%、57.6%和56.1%。尤其在年降雨量500～600 mm生态区全膜微垄沟播增产效应最明显，平均产量达到4 318.2 kg/hm2，最高达到4 353.3 kg/hm2，较CK增产58.5%。【结论】大豆全膜微垄沟播种植技术在西北半干旱雨养区，增产效果明显，其推广应用可有效提高该区降水资源的高效利用，实现旱作雨养区大豆稳产高产。 |
| 关键词: 半干旱雨养区； 全膜微垄沟； 产量； 经济效益； 大豆 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180244 |
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| The Effects of Different Cultivations with Film Mulch on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Soybean in Different Climatic Regions |
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ZHOU Delu, LIU Guangcai*, LI Chengde, YOU Yanrong, LI Yuan, LI Bowen
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Gansu General Station of Agro-technology Extension, Lanzhou 730020, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Planting seeds in the furrows within fully mulched micro-ridge cultivation is an innovative method to reduce evaporation and enhance rainfall infiltration in arid and semi-arid regions. Taking soybean as a model plant, this paper aims to study its effect on yield of the soybean grown in different ecological regions. 【Method】We investigated three cultivations: fully mulched micro-ridges with the seeds planted in the furrows (T1), mulched double ridges with the seeds planted in the furrows (T2), mulched flatten soil surface with the seeds planted by drill (T3). The control was without mulching and ridging. The experiment was conducted from 2014 to 2016 in three climatic regions: a semi-humid and light-arid region, a semi-aid region, and a light-arid region. For each treatment in the three regions, we measured the soybean yield and its water use efficiency (WUE). 【Result】T1 gave the highest yield in all three regions, followed by T2. The efficacy of T1 in increasing crop yield was ranked in semi-humid and light-arid region> semi-arid region > semi-arid and light-arid region. Compared with CK, T1-T3 increased the average yield by 58.5%, 78.1% and 95.3%, and WUE by 65.9%, 57.6% and 56.1% respectively. For the arid region with annual rainfall between 500 mm and 600 mm, the average yield under T1 was 4 318.2 kg/hm2 and the highest was 4 353.3 kg/hm2, increasing 58.5% compared to that under CK. 【Conclusion】 Fully mulched micro-ridge cultivation with soybean seeds planted in the furrows in rain-fed semi-arid region in northwest China can significantly increase yield and water use efficiency. |
| Key words: rain-fed semi-arid area; fully plastic-film mulching micro-ridges; yield; economic effect; soybean |
