沈乌灌域天然湖泊非冰封期水质阶段性评价与分析

朱  科; 李为萍; 史海滨; 李仙岳; 闫建文; 吴  迪

引用本文:	朱科,李为萍,史海滨,等.沈乌灌域天然湖泊非冰封期水质阶段性评价与分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):114-120.
	ZHU Ke,LI Weiping,SHI Haibin,et al.沈乌灌域天然湖泊非冰封期水质阶段性评价与分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(3):114-120.

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沈乌灌域天然湖泊非冰封期水质阶段性评价与分析
朱科，李为萍*，史海滨，李仙岳，闫建文，吴迪
内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院，呼和浩特 010010

摘要:

沈乌灌域湖泊水质状况对灌域生态环境有着重要影响。【目的】揭示沈乌灌域内天然湖泊水质状况，阐明节水改造工程实施和特殊的灌溉制度对湖泊水质变化的影响。【方法】针对沈乌灌域8个典型天然湖泊2016─2017年非冰封期（3─11月）水质监测数据，借助SPSS软件，采用主成分分析方法，选取CODMn、NH3-N、TN、TP、DO 5个因子作为评价指标，对研究对象进行了水质评价并对其水质变化原因进行了阐述。【结果】沈乌灌域8个典型湖泊水质在非冰封期处于动态变化，3─5月水质较好，一般能达到Ⅲ类水质，6─9月水质处于波动期，介于Ⅲ～Ⅴ类，10─11月水质开始好转，水质最差通常出现在8月与9月。【结论】8个典型湖泊其水质随时间波动较大，在节水改造工程实施年份，节水改造工程附近的湖泊水质有所降低，氮素是影响湖泊水质的主要因素。

关键词: 沈乌灌域；天然湖泊；主成分分析；节水改造；水质评价

DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180182

分类号:

基金项目:

Evaluating and Analyzing the Water Quality of Natural Lakes in Shenwu Irrigation District during Non-frozen Period

ZHU Ke, LI Weiping*, SHI Haibin, LI Xianyue, YAN Jianwen, WU Di

Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010010, China

Abstract:

【Objective】Water quality has a profound impact on ecological functions of irrigation district. This paper analyzed the water quality of natural lakes in Shenwu Irrigation District, as well as its response to implementation of water-saving projects and special irrigation systems.【Method】We analyzed the data collected from eight natural lakes in Shenwu irrigation district from 2016 to 2017 (March to November) using SPSS, and selected CODMn, NH3-N, TN, TP and DO as the evaluation indicators in principle component analysis of the water quality. We also analyzed the mechanisms underlying the change in water quality.【Result】 Water quality of the eight lakes in Shenwu irrigation district dynamically changed during frozen and non-frozen season. The water quality was good from March to May, reaching Class Ⅲ, but fluctuated from June to September between Class Ⅲ and Class Ⅴ. The water quality begun to improve from October to November, with the worst occurring in August and September. 【Conclusion】The water quality of the eight typical lakes fluctuates greatly with time. Implementing the water-saving reconstruction project reduced the water quality in its vicinity. Nitrogen is the main factor affecting the water quality.

Key words: the Shenwu irrigation district; natural lakes; the principal component analysis method; water-saving reconstruction project; quality evaluation of natural lake