不同灌水技术参数对农田水盐运动的影响<sub><sup>*</sup></sub>

曹振玺; 李勇; 申孝军

引用本文:	曹振玺,李勇,申孝军.不同灌水技术参数对农田水盐运动的影响_^*[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	CAO Zhenxi,LI Yong,SHEN Xiaojun.不同灌水技术参数对农田水盐运动的影响_^*[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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不同灌水技术参数对农田水盐运动的影响_^*
曹振玺¹, 李勇², 申孝军¹
1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室;2.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院

摘要:

【目的】为探索滴灌条件下农田高效洗盐适宜灌溉指标。【方法】通过人工控水试验重点研究了不同滴头流量(2.8和5.6 l.h_^-1)和灌水定额(22.5、37.5和52.5 mm)对盐碱地棉花根区盐分淋洗效果的影响。【结果】同一灌水定额条件下,湿润锋半径随着滴头流量的增加而增大；滴头流量增加,土壤水分分布呈宽浅型,表层土壤含水率逐渐升高。同一滴头流量条件下,湿润锋半径随着灌水定额的增加而增大；土壤含水率随着灌水定额的增加而增大。表层土壤盐分随着滴头流量和灌水定额的增大而减小,滴头流量为2.8 l.h_^-1时,水平脱盐半径30 cm,垂直脱盐深度60 cm；滴头流量为5.6 l.h_^-1时,水平脱盐半径40 cm,垂直脱盐深度40 cm。【结论】灌水定额52.5 mm时脱盐效果最佳,随着作物的根部伸长,改变滴头流量,扎根40 cm以内用滴头流量5.6 l.h_^-1,扎根超过40 cm用滴头流量2.8 l.h_^-1,可作为适宜的灌水技术参数。

关键词: 灌溉指标；滴灌；水盐运动；脱盐效果

DOI：

分类号:S275.6

基金项目:

Effects of Different Irrigation Technical Parameters on Water and Salt Movement in Farmland

CAO Zhenxi¹, LI Yong², SHEN Xiaojun¹

1.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture,Xinxiang Henan;2.College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer Xinjiang

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the suitable irrigation index for efficient salt washing under drip irrigation. 【Method】 The effects of dripper flow rate (2.8 and 5.6 l.h^-1) and irrigation quota (22.5, 37.5 and 52.5 mm) on salt leaching in saline-alkali soil roots were studied through artificial water control experiments. 【Result】 Under the same irrigation quota, the radius of wetting front increases with the increase of emitter discharge. With the increase of dripper discharge, the distribution of soil moisture was broad and shallow, and the surface soil moisture content gradually increased. Under the same emitter discharge, the radius of wetting front increases with the increase of irrigation quota. Soil moisture content increases with the increase of irrigation quota. Soil salinity decreases with the increase of emitter discharge and irrigation quota. The desalination rate (in 50 cm soil layer) increases with the increase of irrigation emitter discharge and irrigation quota, and the desalination effect near the root zone is obvious. 【Conclusion】 When the dripper discharge is 5.6 l.h^-1 and the irrigation quota is 52.5 mm, the salt washing effect is the best, which can be used as an appropriate irrigation technical parameter.

Key words: Irrigation index; Drip irrigation; Water salt movement; Desalination effect