| 引用本文: | 翟登攀,蒋静,白宇龙,等.全膜双垄沟播条件下施氮量对玉米耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,(12):-. |
| ZHAI Dengpan,JIANG Jing,BAI Yulong,et al.全膜双垄沟播条件下施氮量对玉米耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,(12):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究干旱盐碱地区全膜双垄沟播条件下不同施氮量对玉米耗水特性、生长发育及产量的影响。【方法】试验以春玉米为研究材料，品种为中地88，设置4个施氮量水平（N0：不施氮；N1：225kg·hm-2；N2：275kg·hm-2；N3：325kg·hm-2），采用田间随机区组试验方法。测定玉米在不同生育时期的土壤含水量、株高、叶面积、产量和产量构成因子，计算玉米的耗水量和水分利用效率。【结果】玉米全生育期的总耗水量表现为：N3＞N2＞N1＞N0，分别为524.7、520.9、496.6、456.7mm。在不同生育时期的玉米株高及玉米叶面积指数，基本上符合随着施氮量的增加而增加的趋势。N1、N2、N3处理的玉米穗长、穗粒数、百粒重、生物产量、籽粒产量及水分利用效率均显著（p＜0.05）高于N0，N1和N2，N1和N3差异显著（p＜0.05）；N2和N3差异不显著。各施氮处理的氮肥偏生产力表现为：N1＞N2＞N3，分别为60.9、57.5、49.2kg·kg-1；N2处理的氮肥农学利用效率较N1和N3分别高52.3%和13.7%，N1、N2、N3差异显著（p＜0.05）。【结论】综合考虑春玉米产量及水氮利用效率等因素，275kg·hm-2为该试验区全膜双垄沟播玉米栽培的最佳施氮量。 |
| 关键词: 全膜双垄沟播；施氮量；耗水特性；产量；水氮利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S513 |
| 基金项目:山西省土壤环境与养分资源重点实验室开放课题(2014001；2019001)；山西省基础研究计划(编号：2015021108；2015021167) |
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| Effects of nitrogen application rate on water consumption characteristics and yield of maize under full-film double-furrow sowing |
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ZHAI Dengpan1,2, JIANG Jing1,2, BAI Yulong1,2, ZHANG Yi1,2, ZHANG Chaobo1,2
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1.College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology;2.China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The research aims to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the water consumption characteristics, growth, and yield of maize under full-film double-furrow sowing.【Methods】Spring maize was used as the research material in the experiment. The variety was Zhongdi 88. Four levels of nitrogen (N0: no nitrogen application; N1: 225 kg·hm-2; N2: 275 kg·hm-2; N3: 325 kg·hm-2) were set up.The field random block test method was used. The soil water content, plant height, leaf area, yield and yield components of maize at different growth stages were determined , and water consumption and water and nitrogen use efficiency of maize were calculated.【Results】The order of total water consumption of maize during the whole growth period was N3>N2>N1>N0, which were 524.7, 520.9, 496.6, 456.7 mm, respectively. The plant height and leaf area index of maize at different growth stages basically increased with the increase of nitrogen application. The ear length, kernel number, 100-grain weight, biomass yield, grain yield and water use efficiency of N1, N2 ,N3 treatments were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of N0, while the differences between N1 and N2, and N1 and N3 were significant different. (p<0.05). However, the difference between N2 and N3 was non-significant. The partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer applied was as follows: N1>N2>N3, which were 60.9, 57.5, 49.2 kg·kg-1, respectively. Compared with N2, the agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizerin N1 and N3 was decreased by 34.3 and 12.0%, respectively. Furthermore, the difference among N1, N2 and N3 were significant (p<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Take the yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency into consideration, 275 kg·hm-2 is the best nitrogen application rate for the whole-film double-furrow sowing maize cultivation in the experimental area. |
| Key words: full-film double-furrow sowing; nitrogen application rate; water consumption characteristics; yield; water and nitrogen use efficiency |
