| 引用本文: | 金 鑫,金彦香,杨登兴.基于LU-SWAT模型的土地利用/覆被变化对水文过程的影响研究：以黑河上游为例[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(5):114-121. |
| JIN Xin,JIN Yanxiang,YANG Dengxing.基于LU-SWAT模型的土地利用/覆被变化对水文过程的影响研究：以黑河上游为例[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(5):114-121. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示内陆河流域集水区土地利用/覆被变化对水文过程的影响及其成因。【方法】基于能够逐年调用土地利用/覆被数据的LU-SWAT模型，并结合控制变量法研究了黑河流域集水区黑河上游1990—2009年土地利用/覆被变化对地表径流、侧向流、蒸散发量、地下径流以及总产水量的影响。【结果】LU-SWAT模型对于黑河上游月、年出山径流模拟结果较好，其月径流模拟的纳什系数为0.93，相关性系数为0.94；其年径流模拟的纳什系数为0.83，相关性系数为0.86。此外，其对各个水文要素的模拟结果符合西北干旱区内陆河流域集水区的水文特征；1990—2001年黑河上游土地利用变化主要表现在林地的减少，而2002—2009年土地利用的变化除了林地和草地的增加之外，还表现在裸地的大面积减少；1990—2001年黑河上游地表径流、侧向流、蒸散发量以及总产水量都呈现增加趋势，而地下径流呈减少趋势，2002—2009年流域地表径流、侧向流、蒸散发量以及总产水量减少，而地下径流量增加。在黑河上游，干旱条件下各水文要素对于土地利用覆被变化的响应更明显。【结论】1990—2001年林地的减少可能是流域地表径流、侧向流、蒸散发量以及总产水量都呈现增加趋势而地下径流呈减少趋势的主要原因。2002—2009年裸地的大面积减少可能是流域地表径流、侧向流、蒸散发量以及总产水量减少而地下径流量增加的主要原因。 |
| 关键词: 模型； 黑河上游； 土地利用/覆被变化； 集水区； 水文过程 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180611 |
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| Using LU-SWAT Model to Analyze the Response of Hydrological Processes to Land Use/Coverage with Application to an Upper Watershed in Heihe Basin |
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JIN Xin， JIN Yanxiang*， YANG Dengxing
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Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Land use and cover affects hydrological process in catchment, and this paper analyzes the response of hydrological process to land usage and vegetation coverage in a upper watershed in Heihe basin.【Method】The analysis was based on the LU-SWAT model in combination with variable-controlled method to elicit the impact of land use/ land coverage on surface runoff, lateral flow, ET, groundwater and total water yield from 1990 to 2009. 【Result】 The LU-SWAT model worked well. For simulating the monthly streamflow, its associated Nash value and relative error were 0.93 and 0.94 respectively, while for yearly streamflow, they were 0.83 and 0.86 respectively. All simulated hydrological parameters were consistent with the characteristics of hydrological processes seen at the arid regions in Northwest China. From 1990 to 2000, the reduced forestry areas were the main land use change, while from 2001 to 2009 the main land use change was the increase in forest and grassland, together with reduced barren lands. From 1990 to 2001, surface runoff, ET and total water yield increased, at expense of groundwater table dropping. From 2002 to 2009, lateral flow, surface runoff, ET and total water yield decreased, with groundwater table rebounding. Changes in all hydrological factors were more manifest under dry climate than under others. 【Conclusion】 From 1990 to 2000, the upper watershed at Heihe basin endured a decrease in forest, giving rise to increases in surface runoff, lateral flow, ET and total water yield, accompanied by groundwater table dropping. From 1990 to 2000, revegetating the barren lands reduced surface runoff, lateral flow, ET and total water yield, leading to groundwater table rebounding. |
| Key words: model; Upper Reaches of the Heihe River; Land use/land cover change; Catchment; Hydrological process |
