| 引用本文: | 忠智博,翟国亮,邓忠,等.水氮施量对膜下滴灌棉花生长及土壤水氮分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHONG Zhi-bo,ZHAI Guo-liang,DENG Zhong,et al.水氮施量对膜下滴灌棉花生长及土壤水氮分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究北疆地区膜下滴灌棉花最优水氮施量及土壤水氮分布特征，采用二因素完全随机试验，研究了不同水氮施量对植株形态、土壤含水率分布及土壤氮素分布的影响。结果表明：施氮量对植株形态指标的影响程度低于灌水量，但植株形态指标不能反映产量；棉花盛蕾期，表层土壤含水率较低，直至盛花期，表层土壤含水率稳定在20%左右。且灌水量为3750 m3?hm-2时，更有利于土壤保持湿润，并且向深层流失的水分较少；0-20cm土层内硝态氮和铵态氮含量相对较高，随着灌水量和施氮量的增加，氮素向深层土壤的淋移程度不断增加，当施氮量为262.5kg?hm-2时，根系层内的硝态氮含量相对较高，尿素转化的铵态氮也更多；当施氮量为262.5kg?hm-2，灌水量为3750 m3?hm-2时，棉花产量达到最大，为6460.5 kg?hm-2。综合考虑对棉花生长及水氮分布的影响，施氮量为262.5kg?hm-2，灌水量为3750 m3?hm-2，可作为该地区最优水氮施量组合。 |
| 关键词: 膜下滴灌；植株形态；含水率；土壤硝态氮；土壤铵态氮 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.1;S275.6 |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目（Y2018PT72, Y2019LM15）; 经济作物水肥一体化技术模式研究与应用项目(2017YFD0201506) |
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| Effects of Water and Nitrogen Application Rate on Cotton Growth and Water and Nitrogen Distribution under Film Drip Irrigation |
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ZHONG Zhi-bo1, ZHAI Guo-liang1, DENG Zhong1, CAI Jiu-mao1, GU Shao-wei1, WANG Guo-dong2
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1.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Institute/ Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;2.Institute of Water and Soil Fertilizer,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| In order to explore the optimal water and nitrogen application rate and soil water and nitrogen distribution characteristics of cotton under mulch drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang, a two-factor complete random experiment was conducted to study the effects of different water and nitrogen application rates on plant morphology, soil water content distribution and soil nitrogen distribution. The results showed that the effect of Nitrogen Application on plant morphological index was lower than that of irrigation, but the plant morphological index could not reflect yield. In cotton budding stage, the water content of surface soil was low, until flowering stage, the water content of surface soil was stable at about 20%. When the irrigation amount is 3750 m3?hm-2, it is more beneficial to keep the soil moist and less water loss to the deep layer. The content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in 0~20 cm soil layer is relatively high. With the increase of irrigation amount and nitrogen application amount, the degree of nitrogen leaching to the deep layer soil increases continuously. When the nitrogen application amount is 262.5 kg?hm-2, the root layer The content of nitrate nitrogen is relatively high, and the ammonium nitrogen converted by urea is more. When the nitrogen application rate is 262.5 kg?hm-2 and the irrigation rate is 3750 m3?hm-2, the cotton yield reaches the maximum, which is 6460.5 kg?hm-2. Considering the effects on cotton growth and water and nitrogen distribution, the nitrogen application rate is 262.5 kg?hm-2, and the irrigation rate is 3750 m3?hm-2, which can be used as the best combination of water and nitrogen application in this area. |
| Key words: Drip irrigation under mulch; plant morphology; water content; soil nitrate nitrogen; soil ammonium nitrogen |
