| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为了揭示生物炭施加到南方典型红壤和水稻土对土壤水力特性的影响。【方法】采用高速离心机法测定在不同生物炭施加量（0、0.1 %、0.5 %、1 %、3 %、5 %）条件下南方两种典型土壤（红壤和水稻土）的水分特征曲线，并运用BC模型进行拟合，探讨生物炭对土壤当量孔径分布、非饱和导水率及水分扩散度等参数的影响。【结果】随生物炭含量的增加，水稻土的持水性增强，红壤的持水性则表现出先增强后减弱的趋势，在生物炭含量为3 %时，其持水性最强，即CK＜0.1 %＜0.5 %＜1 %＜5 %＜3 %，且红壤的持水性整体高于水稻土；红壤的有效孔隙占比随生物炭的增加呈增大趋势，水稻田的有效孔隙占比随生物炭在增加而逐渐减小；红壤和水稻土的非饱和导水率、水分扩散度均随着生物炭含量的增加而降低，即CK＞0.1 %＞0.5 %＞1 %＞3 %＞5 %，表现出显著性差异(P＜0.05)，其中生物炭对红壤的非饱和导水率和水分扩散度的影响比水稻土大；红壤和水稻土的θs随炭土比的增加而增大，进气值相关参数α、形状系数n随炭土比的增加而无明显变化规律。【结论】生物炭添加能够不同程度的改善水稻土和红壤的持水能力和水分运移特性；同时该研究也为生物炭在水稻土和红壤农业生产上的应用选择合理施加量提供科学参考。 |
| 关键词: 生物炭；土壤水分特征曲线；BC模型；非饱和导水率；水分扩散度 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:s210.7025 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41471185）；湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目（15A084） |
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| Effects of biochar on the hydraulic properties of red soil and rice soil in southern China |
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chenjiao, wufengping
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School of water conservancy and civil engineering, hunan agricultural univers
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 In order to reveal the biochar applied to typical southern red soil and paddy soil influence on soil hydraulic characteristics.【Method】 Adopting high speed centrifuge method in different biochar applied quantity (0, 0.1 %, 0.5%, 1 %, 3 %, 5 %) under the condition of two kinds of typical southern soil, red soil and paddy soil water characteristic curve, and using the BC model fitting, explore biochar soil equivalent aperture distribution, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, and the effects of parameters such as moisture diffusion degree.【Result】The results showed that the water holding capacity of paddy soil increased with the increase of biochar content , while that of red soil showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing. When the biochar content was 3%, the water holding capacity was the strongest,appearing as CK < 0.1 % < 0.5 % < 1 % < 5 % < 3 %.The water holding capacity of red soil was higher than that of paddy soil;The ratio of effective pores in red soil increased with the increase of biochar, while the ratio of effective pores in paddy fields gradually decreases with the increase of biochar ;The unsaturated water conductivity and water diffusion degree of red soil and paddy soil all decreased with the increase of biochar content,appearing as CK >0.1 % > 0.5 % > 1 % > 3 % >5 %, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05). The effect of biochar on the unsaturated water conductivity and water diffusion degree of red soil was greater than that of paddy soil;The theta s of red soil and paddy soil increased with the increase of the carbon soil ratio, and there was no obvious change of the intake value related parameters alpha and shape coefficient n with the increase of the carbon soil ratio.【Conclusion】The results showed that biochar could improve the water holding capacity and water transport characteristics of rice soil and red soil.At the same time, this study also provides scientific reference for the application of biochar in paddy soil and red soil agricultural production. |
| Key words: biochar; Soil moisture characteristic curve; BC model; Unsaturated water conductivity; Water diffusivity |
