江河源头区生态补偿标准测算方法研究

刘军政; 张新华; 范习超; 赵钟楠; 黄火建; 薛睿瑛

引用本文:	刘军政,张新华,范习超,等.江河源头区生态补偿标准测算方法研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	LIU Junzheng,ZHANG Xinhua,FAN Xichao,et al.江河源头区生态补偿标准测算方法研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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江河源头区生态补偿标准测算方法研究
刘军政,张新华,范习超,等
1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所;2.农业部节水灌溉工程重点实验室;3.四川大学水力学及山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室;4.水利部水利水电规划设计总院

摘要:

江河源头区生态、经济和社会特征突出,常规生态补偿方法在江河源头区适用性存在问题。【目的】提出江河源头区生态补偿标准测算方法。【方法】通过皮尔曲线和土地利用占比分别赋予主体功能价值和次要功能价值不同的权重,确定了主体功能法的两种补偿标准测算方法。以雅砻江支流安宁河源头区作为典型进行实例计算,并与常规生态补偿方法的计算结果进行了对比分析。【结果】核算金额大小关系：生态系统服务功能法(23.15亿)＞主体功能法1(皮尔曲线5.89亿)＞主体功能法2(土地利用5.68亿)＞机会成本法(4.93)＞条件价值法(1.92亿)。按照主体功能法实施生态补偿后,源头区上下游人均财政收入差距从原来的2.5倍缩小到1.1倍左右。【结论】本研究提出的主体功能法充分考虑了源头区的生态特征、社会的经济发展阶段以及补偿主体的可承受能力,能够有效调整源头区上下游损益关系,主要与次要功能价值权重确定客观,具有普适性。

关键词: 江河源头区;主体功能法;皮尔曲线;土地利用;生态补偿

DOI：

分类号:TV213.4

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，河道弯曲度对改善城市中小河流生态环境的机理研究；蜿蜒河道水沙结构调整与水生生物栖息地响应机理研究）

Study on Ecological Compensation Methods in the Headwater Region of rivers

LIU Junzheng^{1,2,3,2,4,2,5,2}, ZHANG Xinhua⁴, FAN Xichao¹, ZHAO Zhongnan⁵, HUANG Huojian⁵, XUE Ruiying⁴

1.FarmlandSIrrigationSResearchSInstitute,SChineseSAcademySofSAgriculturalSSciences,Henan Xinxiang;2.China;3.KeySLaboratorySofSWatersavingSIrrigationSEngineering,SMinistrySofSAgricultureSandSRuralSAffairs,Henan Xinxiang,;4.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University;5.The Ministry of water conservancy and hydropower planning and Design Institute

Abstract:

【Objective】The ecological, economic and social characteristics of the headwaters of rivers are prominent, and conventional ecological compensation methods are not applicable in the headwaters of rivers. Therefore, dominant ecological function method (DEFM) is proposed to calculate the amount of ecological compensation. 【Method】Separate weights are assigned to the main function and the minor function respectively, and the weights are determined by means of the Pearl curve or the proportion of land use. These weights are used to calculate the main function value and the secondary function value. A case study was conducted in the headwater region of the An-ning River Basin, a tributary of Yalong River, compared with the results conventional ecological compensation methods. 【Result】Amount of ecological compensation : Ecosystem service value (2315 million)＞DEFM1(589 million)＞DEFM2(568 million)＞The opportunity cost(493 million)＞Contingent value method(192 million). After the implementation of ecological compensation in accordance with the DEFM, the gap between the average financial income of tourists from the top and bottom of the headwater region has narrowed from 2.5 times to 1.1 times. 【Conclusion】The DFEM proposed in this study fully considers the ecological characteristics of the headwater area, the stage of social development, and the affordability of the compensation subject, which can effectively adjust the upstream and downstream profit and loss relationship in the source area. The determination of main and minor functional value weights is objective.

Key words: Headwater Region of rivers;DEFM; Pearl curve; land use; ecological compensation;