基于Hydrus-1D模拟不同耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响

丁超明; 吴鹏年; 岳玲; 梅福建; 关小康; 杨明达; 王艳丽; 李玉华; 王同朝

引用本文:	丁超明,吴鹏年,岳玲,等.基于Hydrus-1D模拟不同耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	Dingchaoming,WUPENGNIAN,Yueling,et al.基于Hydrus-1D模拟不同耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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基于Hydrus-1D模拟不同耕作方式对夏玉米农田水分的影响
丁超明¹, 吴鹏年¹, 岳玲¹, 梅福建¹, 关小康¹, 杨明达¹, 王艳丽¹, 李玉华², 王同朝¹
1.河南农业大学农学院;2.郑州师范学院生命科学学院

摘要:

【目的】探讨不同耕作方式对农田水分运移的影响，明确不同耕作方式对农田水资源分布调控，为节水型耕作制度提供理论依据。【方法】基于长期定位试验，于大田设置连续深耕、轮耕(2a免耕＋1a深耕)、连续免耕3个处理，分别在夏玉米苗期、拔节期、抽雄期、灌浆期和成熟期测定土壤含水率、土面蒸发量及模型参数，利用Hydrus-1D模型与实测值相结合模拟农田水分平衡各分量及运移规律。【结果】轮耕和免耕处理可显著提高玉米拔节到灌浆期的土壤贮水量；不同耕作处理产生的地表径流差异较小，但轮耕处理和免耕处理深层渗漏量较深耕处理略微增加；轮耕和免耕处理较深耕处理蒸发量分别降低12.84%和5.07%，蒸腾量较深耕处理分别增加15.15%和19.44%，根系吸水量较深耕处理分别增加14.18%和15.09%。【结论】轮耕处理和免耕处理可显著改善农田水分空间分布，根据降雨有效延缓深层土壤水分的减少，提高夏玉米抽雄期至灌浆期土壤贮水量。轮耕和免耕处理较深耕处理可提高土壤入渗能力，增加作物根系吸水能力及蒸腾量与蒸发量比。

关键词: 耕作方式;夏玉米;蒸发;蒸腾;根系吸水;

DOI：

分类号:s512

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301106);国家自然科学(31471452;31601258)；玉米抗旱品种筛选和单倍体育种技术研究(182102110408).

Effects of different tillage methods on field water of summer maize based on Hydrus-1D model

Dingchaoming¹, WUPENGNIAN¹, Yueling¹, Meifujian¹, Guanxiaokang¹, Yangmingda¹, Wangyanli¹, Liyuhua², Wangtongchao¹

1.Henan Agriculture university;2.College of Life Science, zhengzhou Normal University

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to study the effect of different tillage methods on the water transfer, regulate the distribution of water resources in farmland, and further provide a theoretical basis for perfecting the efficient farming mode of farmland water resources.【Method】The experiment was based on the long-term positioning test to set up continuous deep tillage, rotation tillage (2a no-till +1a deep-till), and consecutive no-till treatment, respectively. To determine soil moisture content, soil evaporation and model parameters in the seedling period, extraction period, grout period and maturity period of summer maize. Using the combination of Hydrus~1D model and measured value to simulated the law of farmland water balance and transport.【Result】Rotation tillage and no-till treatment could significantly improve soil water storage from maize extraction to grouting period, the difference of surface runoff among different tillage treatment was small, but the deep leakage volume of rotation and no-till treatment increases lightly, the evaporation of rotation and no-till treatment could be reduced by 12.84% and 5.07% respectively, the amount of transpiration increased by 15.15% and 19.44%, and the water absorption of the root system increased by 14.18% and 15.09% compared with deep tillage treatment.【Conclusion】The rotation treatment and no-till treatment could significantly improve the spatial distribution of farmland water, effectively delay the reduction of deep soil moisture according to rainfall, and improve soil water storage from summer maize extraction to grout period. The deep tillage and no-till treatment could improve the soil infiltration, promote the water absorption capacity of crop root system and increase the ratio of evapotranspiration to evaporation.

Key words: Tillage methods; Summer maize; Evaporation; Transpiration; Root water absorption;