| 摘要: |
| 本文介绍了农业水土工程学科的内涵；从近年作者在国际交流与实际工作中遇到的尴尬和困惑分析了农业水土工程学科发展所面临的严峻挑战；在剖析国际上农业水土工程学科发展与变化特征以及国内行业发展对人才培养知识体系需求变化的基础上，提出为了生存和发展亟需对传统农业水土工程学科进行改造、拓展和提升；指出未来农业水土工程学科迫切需要发展水信息与水管理、水生态与水环境、灌溉排水机械与自动化、水经济与水文化、全球变化与农业用水应对和灌区高质量发展等领域；应通过实施大的农业水土观战略和学科领域拓展与提升战略，以及思维方式和研究方法变革推动农业水土工程学科走向更加系统综合，由传统的工程观、技术观，向与科学观、系统观、市场观、生态观、全球观、未来观综合发展；通过广泛应用信息技术、生物技术、生态环境技术、新材料技术、新能源技术、智能制造技术等高新技术，实现农业水工程学科现代化，促进面向新时代的农业水土工程学科适应性发展；提出了新时代农业水土工程学科的新作为，指出学科应用基础性研究还需更加机理、更加前沿，应用技术性研究还应更加贴近实际、更加系统综合、更加模式化和标准化；最后，介绍了中国农业大学农业水科学与工程学科实现适应性发展的创新实践，力求对相关单位学科发展有所借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 农业水土工程；领域拓展；改造提升；现代化；学科建设；适应性发展 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20199999 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Where is the way of agricultural soil and water engineering discipline |
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KANG Shaozhong
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The Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| This paper introduced the connotation of agricultural soil and water engineering discipline, and analyzed the severe challenges faced by the development of agricultural soil and water engineering discipline from the embarrassment and perplexity which was encountered by the author in international exchange and practical work in recent years. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of the development and changes of agricultural soil and water engineering discipline in the world and the demand of domestic industry development for university’s education knowledge system, it was put forward that the traditional agricultural water and soil engineering discipline should be transformed, expanded and upgraded urgently in order to its survive and develop, and the fields of water information and water management, water ecology and water environment, irrigation and drainage machinery and automation, water economy and water culture, global change and agricultural water use response, and high-quality development of irrigation districts should be developed urgently in China’s agricultural soil and water discipline in the future. It should be carried out that the strategy of large agricultural water and soil concept and the strategy of expanding and upgrading the subject field, as well as the change of thinking mode and research method, so as to promote the discipline of agricultural water and soil engineering to be more systematic and comprehensive, from the traditional engineering concept and technical concept to the comprehensive consideration with the scientific concept, system concept, market concept, ecological concept, global concept and future concept. It was presented that the modernization of agricultural water and soil engineering discipline should be realized, and the discipline’s adaptive development should promoted through the wide application of information technology, biotechnology, ecological environment technology and new material technology, new energy technology, intelligent manufacturing technology and other high and new technologies. Also it was presented that the new actions of agricultural water and soil engineering discipline should be put forward in the new era, and pointed out that the basic research of discipline application needs to be more mechanism, more cutting-edge, and the applied technical research should be more practical and more practical. Finally, the paper introduced the innovative practice of the adaptive development of agricultural water science and engineering discipline in China Agricultural University, in order to provide reference for the development of related units. |
| Key words: agricultural water and soil engineering; field expansion; transformation and upgrading; modernization; disciplinary development; adaptive development |
