| 引用本文: | 袁宁宁,白清俊,张明智,等.温室番茄在宽垄覆膜沟灌下水分调亏下限指标研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(1):17-23. |
| ,et al.温室番茄在宽垄覆膜沟灌下水分调亏下限指标研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(1):17-23. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明宽垄覆膜沟灌技术对日光温室番茄果实、植株生长、耗水、产量及水分利用效率等方面的影响，寻求节水增产模式。【方法】以温室抗TY番茄“5102”为研究对象，分别在苗期、开花坐果期结果期设置田间持水率的50%、60%质量含水率作为灌水下限，其他生育期灌水下限设置为田间持水率的70%，以3个生育期灌水下限均为田间持水率的70%为对照（CK），共7个处理，每个处理重复3次。【结果】由于各处理的灌水下限不同，番茄的耗水量呈现出明显差异，随生育期的推进基本呈增加趋势，结果期耗水量最大，开花坐果期耗水强度达最大。同时可以发现结果期调亏对番茄耗水量、产量影响最为明显，开花坐果期水分调亏对番茄坐果率影响最明显，开花坐果期灌水下限为60%田间持水率水分处理与CK对比可提高番茄坐果率2.22%，开花坐果期灌水下限为田间持水率70%处理劣果率、根冠比最大，产量最低。结果期60%处理可提高水分利用效率的同时降低劣果率。【结论】综合整个生育期考虑，苗期灌水下限为田间持水率60%处理，开花坐果期灌水下限为田间持水率70%处理，结果期灌水下限为田间持水率70%处理，可显著性提高产量及水分利用效率（P<0.05），为温室宽垄覆膜沟灌技术的推广及应用提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 覆膜；沟灌；水分调亏；温室番茄；水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20170028 |
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| Optimizing the Soil Moisture Threshold for Scheduling Deficit Furrow Irrigation of Greenhouse Tomato Grown in Raised Bed With Film Mulching |
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YUAN Ningning, BAI Qingjun, ZHANG Mingzhi, YUAN Ying, ZHAN Han
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1.College of Water Resources and Hydropower, State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an university of technology, Xi’an 710048, China; 2. North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Raised bed with film mulching has been increasingly used in greenhouse production. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally study the effect of soil moisture threshold required to schedule deficit furrow irrigation on fruit, plant growth, water consumption, yield and water use efficiency of tomato grown in wide raised bed mulched with plastic film.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse with cultivar of anti-TY tomato “5102” as the model plant. We compared two treatments in which irrigation was resumed whenever soil moisture at seedling stage, flowering and fruit setting stage dropped to 50% or 60% of the field capacity, respectively. Keeping soil moisture at these stages not dropping below 70% of the field capacity served as the control (CK). Overall, there were seven treatments, each having three replicas.【Result】Water consumption varied significantly between treatments, but it increased as the plant grew in all treatments and peaked at flowering and fruiting stage. It was found that water deficit at fruiting stage impacted yield and water consumption most, while thirsting the plant at flowering and fruiting stage affected fruit setting most. Keeping soil moisture not dropping below 60% of the field capacity at flowering and fruiting stage improved fruit setting rate by 2.22%, while keeping soil moisture not less than 70% of the field capacity at flowering and fruiting stage gave rise to the highest fruit inferiority and root - shoot ratio, leading to a reduction in yield. In contrast, keeping water content at 60% of the field capacity increased water use efficiency and reduced fruit inferiority.【Conclusion】Overall, keeping soil moisture at 60% of the field capacity at seedling stage, and 70% at flowering, and fruiting - fruit setting stage significantly improved yield and water use efficiency (P<0.05). These results have implications for scheduling furrow irrigation of tomato grown in film-mulched raised bed in solar greenhouse. |
| Key words: film mulch; furrow irrigation; water deficit; greenhouse tomato; water use efficiency |
