| 引用本文: | 郑顺生,崔宁博,赵璐,等.滴灌水分亏缺对猕猴桃生育前期光合特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHENG Shunsheng,CUI Ningbo,ZHAO Lu,et al.滴灌水分亏缺对猕猴桃生育前期光合特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究滴灌水分亏缺对南方季节性干旱区猕猴桃生育前期光合特性的调控效应，为南方季节性干旱区猕猴桃节水高产种植提供理论依据。【方法】以9 a生“金艳”猕猴桃为研究试材，以充分灌溉处理为对照（CK），分别在抽梢展叶期（I）、开花坐果期（II）设置轻度、中度、偏重度及重度4种亏缺水平（记为LD、MD2、MD1及SD，灌水量分别为CK的85%、75%、65%、55%），分析了滴灌水分亏缺对猕猴桃生育前期叶片光合特性的影响。【结果】水分亏缺显著降低猕猴桃生育前期叶片净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和气孔导度（gs），且降幅均随亏水度加重而增大，但Pn降幅小于Tr和gs；与CK相比，I-MD1处理和II-MD2处理的Pn分别降低16.3%和6.5%，但叶片瞬时水分利用效率（WUEi）、叶片内在水分利用效率（WUEn）分别较CK提高7.7%、15.6%和8.1%、18.2%（P<0.05）；水分亏缺后复水显著提高猕猴桃叶片Pn，其中I-LD处理复水后Pn较CK提高4.2%（P<0.05），达到5.94 μmol/(m2·s)，出现超补偿效应；Tr、gs与水汽压差（Δe）均呈二次曲线关系，Δe小于25×102 Pa时，Tr随Δe增大显著增大，Δe大于17×102 Pa时，gs随Δe增大而明显降低。【结论】I-LD处理可在抽梢展叶期节水15%的情况下使猕猴桃叶片Pn提高4.2%，II-MD2处理可节约25%开花坐果期灌溉用水且使猕猴桃WUEi、WUEn分别提高8.1%、18.2%，是南方季节性干旱区猕猴桃生育前期适宜的滴灌水分调控模式。 |
| 关键词: 滴灌;水分亏缺;猕猴桃;光合特性;水分利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）;国家优秀青年科学基金项目;四川省重点研发项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金 |
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| Effect of Water Deficit on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Kiwifruit under Drip Irrigation |
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ZHENG Shunsheng1, CUI Ningbo1, ZHAO Lu1, ZHANG Yixuan1, GONG Daozhi2, HU Xiaotao3, FENG Yu1
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1.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu;2.State Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Water Use and Disaster Loss Reduction of Crops,Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science;3.Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A F University,Yangling
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】We aimed to investigate the regulating effect of photosynthetic characteristics to deficit drip irrigation during the early growth period of kiwifruit, and provide a theoretical basis for water-saving and high-yield planting of kiwifruit in seasonal arid areas in southern Southern China.【Method】One control treatment (CK) and four water deficit levels (LD, MD2, MD1 and SD, 85%, 75%, 65% and 55% of full irrigation, respectively) with eight treatments were established at bud burst to leafing stage (I) and flowering to fruit set stage (II) in ‘Jinyan’ kiwifruit to analyze the effect of water deficit on the kiwifruit’s photosynthetic characteristics.【Result】Deficit irrigation reduced net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (gs) of kiwifruit significantly and the reduction increased with the increasing water deficit, while Pn had lower reduction than Tr and gs. Compared to CK, Pn of I- MD1 and II-MD2 reduced 16.3%、, 6.5%, respectively, instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi) and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEn) on leaf level increased 7.7%、, 15.6% and 8.1%、, 18.2% (P<0.05), respectively. Rehydration significantly increased Pn in kiwifruit leaves, and Pn of I-LD treatment increased 4.2% to 5.94 μmol/(m2·s) after rehydration compared to CK (P<0.05), appearing overcompensation effect. There was a quadratic relationship between Tr and gs versus vapor pressure difference (Δe). Tr increased significantly with Δe when the vapor pressure difference (Δe) was less than 25 × 102 Pa, and Δe significantly reduced gs when Δe was higher than 17×102 Pa.【Conclusion】I-LD treatment can increase the Pn of kiwifruit by 4.2% under the condition of saving 15% irrigation water in bud burst to leafing stage, II-MD2 can save 25% irrigation water in flowering to fruit set stage and increase the WUEi、, WUEn of kiwifruit by 8.1%、, 18.2%, respectively, which is recommended as the appropriate deficit drip irrigation model during the early growth period of kiwifruit in seasonal arid areas in southern Southern China. |
| Key words: drip irrigation; water deficit; kiwifruit; photosynthetic characteristic; water use efficiency |
