| 摘要: |
| 探讨生物炭与氮肥不同用量情况下对枣区潮土过氧化氢酶、脲酶、土壤细菌、放线菌数量及作物产量的影响。以内黄县后河镇生产基地为研究平台,以扁核酸红枣为研究对象,进行了以生物炭用量10、20和30 t/hm2 3个水平,氮素用量300和400 kg/hm2 2个水平的连续2 a (2017-2018)田间试验,以不施生物炭和氮肥的空白为对照,分析不同配比条件下对土壤微生物性质及红枣产量的影响,确定合理的配比施用量。结果表明：(1)与对照相比,添加生物炭与氮肥显著提高了土壤过氧化氢酶的活性,提高11.5%～93.9%高93.9%,脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性,分别较对照显著提高8.1%～71.4%和2.1%～42.7%。其中以B30N400处理的土壤过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性最高,B30N300处理的土壤蔗糖酶活性最高。(2)当生物炭、氮肥用量增加时,土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量也随之增加的,分别较对照显著提高25.4%～254.1%、49.5%～97.5%和7.3%～54.1%。(3)生物炭及氮肥在不同程度上增加产量,其中以B30N300处理的年平均产量最高,为22052.73 kg/ha,较对照显著提高28.5%。基于试验结果及科学施肥的原则,30 t/hm2的生物炭施用量、300 kg/hm2的氮肥用量为此地区的适宜施用量。 |
| 关键词: 小麦秸秆生物炭;土壤过氧化氢酶活性;土壤微生物数量;扁核酸红枣 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S152.4 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on soil microbial properties and jujube yield |
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JIANG Li
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Nanyang City Yahekou Irrigation District Administration
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| Abstract: |
| The object of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on soil microbial properties and jujube yield base on two consecutive field experiments in the North China Plain. A field experiment was performed in Neihuang County, Henan Province from 2017 to 2018. The experiment treatment included seven treatments: CK (no fertilizer), three levels of biochar (10, 20 and 30 t/hm2) and two levels of nitrogen fertilizer (300 and 400 kg/hm2), soil enzyme activities, microbial communities were analyzed. The results as follows: (1) Compared with the control, the application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved the activities of soil catalase, urease and invertase, the highest catalase and urease activities were observed in B30N400 treatments, with increase of 93.9% and 71.4%, respectively. The highest increase in B30N300 treatments, with increase of 42.7% in soil invertase activity. (2) Soil microbial communities increased with the increasing biochar and nitrogen fertilizer addition, compared with the control, the numbers of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were increased by 25.4%～254.1%、49.5%～97.5% and 7.3%～54.1%, respectively. (3) Jujube yields in all biochar and nitrogen fertilizer treatments were higher than CK, the highest average jujube yields of 22052.73 kg/hm2 was observed in B30N300 treatments, increased by 28.5%. The optimal amounts for biochar and nitrogen fertilizer should be 30 t/hm2 and 300 kg/hm2, respectively according to these results and the real cost of production. |
| Key words: wheat-derived biochar; soil catalase activity; soil microbial community; yields |
