| 摘要: |
| 陆地地表水包括湖泊、河流、水库和池塘是地球上最重要的陆地资源，它对农业、工业、水产养殖、水生和陆地生态系统极其重要。本文利用576景Landsat影像，结合GF-2 PMS高分辨率影像，调查了1990-2015年期间内蒙古地表水的时空变化。在研究区的四个典型子区域评估了6种不同的光谱指数的性能和稳定性（MNDWI、NDWI、AWEI、MBWI、WI2015、TCW），确定适合于内蒙古地表水提取和识别的最优水体指数。研究发现：AWEI水体指数阈值稳定，有很好的稳定性和实用性，更适合于研究区的地表水监测和识别。1990-2010年间，内蒙古地表水面积急剧下降，以2010年为转折点，2010-2015年期间研究区地表水的面积有所上升和恢复。除了兴安盟、呼和浩特、乌海呈现出缓慢增加的趋势，其他的9个盟市，其水体面积都呈现出下降的趋势。影响研究区地表水变化因素复杂多样，整体来说内蒙古地表水面积变化是气候和人为作用的双重因素导致的，人为因素是地表水面积减少、湖泊萎缩的主要影响因素。 |
| 关键词: 地表水;Landsat影像;水体指数;内蒙古 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:P962 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（No.41961057）、内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划项目（NJYT-17-B04）和内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2019MS04013）联合资助。 |
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| Spatiotemporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of surface water in Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2015 |
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yuanruiqiang, qingsong
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Inner Mongolia Normal University
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| Abstract: |
| Land surface water, including lakes, rivers, reservoirs and ponds, is the most important terrestrial resource on earth, and it is extremely important for agriculture, industry, aquaculture, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This paper uses 576 Landsat images combined with GF-2 PMS high-resolution images to investigate the spatiotemporal changes of surface water in Inner Mongolia from 1990 to 2015.The performance and stability of 6 different spectral indexes (MNDWI, NDWI, AWEI, MBWI, WI2015, TCW) were evaluated in four typical sub-regions of the study area, and the optimal water index suitable for surface water extraction and identification in Inner Mongolia was determined . The study found that the AWEI water body index threshold is stable, has good stability and practicality, and is more suitable for surface water monitoring and identification in the study area. From 1990 to 2010, the surface water area in Inner Mongolia declined sharply, taking 2010 as a turning point. During 2010-2015, the surface water area in the study area increased and recovered. Except for the Xing'an League, Hohhot, and Wuhai, which showed a slowly increasing trend, the other nine League cities all showed a downward trend in their water bodies. The factors influencing the change of surface water in the study area are complex and diverse. In general, the change in surface water area in Inner Mongolia is caused by the dual factors of climate and man-made effects. The man-made factors are the main influencing factors for the reduction of surface water area and the shrinkage of lakes. |
| Key words: Surface water ; Landsat image; Water index; Inner Mongolia. |
