| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨不同人工植被对土壤水分的影响，为植被恢复与生态建设提供科学依据。【方法】选取冀北坝上地区退耕还林地为研究对象，以退耕封育草地为对照，采用土钻取样烘干法测定土壤水分，对比分析3种不同人工植被样地（沙棘林、柠条林、榆树林）0~100 cm的土壤水分变化特征。【结果】雨季（6、7、8月）3种退耕还林地0~100 cm土壤含水率高于封育草地，有利于土壤水分保持；旱季（5、9、10月）则低于封育草地，加剧土壤水分消耗。封育草地浅表层0~20 cm土层含水率下降明显，沙棘林地0~40 cm土层水分消耗明显，柠条林地30~60 cm土层水分消耗明显，榆树林地20~100 cm土层水分持续消耗。【结论】不同人工植被土壤水分随季节变化存在显著差异，随土层深度的变化具有明显趋势特征；人工恢复植被必须充分考虑区域降水、温度、土壤等环境条件，遵循自然地带性规律，因地制宜合理布局。 |
| 关键词: 人工植被；土壤水分；变化特征；坝上地区 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019252 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Soil Moisture Variation Characteristics of Different Artificial Vegetation in Bashang Area of Northern Hebei |
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YANG Yue, WU Caiwu*, YANG Yitian, WU Zhiyong, SUN Baisheng, ZHANG Yuecong
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Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Heibei Normal University for Nationalities, Chengde 067000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】The Bashang area in northern Hebei is located at the southern edge of Inner Mongolia plateau. It was connected with the Inner Mongolia plateau in the north and extends to the northern Beijing plain in the south. The shortage of water resources, cold and dry climate, scarce precipitation, fragile ecological environment and unreasonable human activities in recent decades had led to increasingly serious environmental problems such as soil erosion and land degradation.【Objective】Soil moisture is a key factor affecting vegetation restoration and reconstruction. In order to know the effects of different artificial vegetation on soil moisture, which provided scientific basis for vegetation restoration and ecological construction. 【Method】 The soil moisture changes of 0~100 cm under 3 different modes of returning farmland to forestland (Hippophaerhamnoides Linn., Caraganakorshinskii., Ulmuspumila L.) in Bashang area of northern Hebei were compared and analyzed, by taking the enclosed grassland as the control.【Result】The soil moisture of different artificial vegetation varied significantly with the seasons; In rainy season (June, July, August), the soil water contents of 0~100 cm under 3 different modes of returning farmland to forestland were higher than that of the enclosed grassland, which was conducive to soil moisture conservation; In dry season (May, September, October), it was lower than that of enclosed grassland, which increased soil water consumption. The soil moisture of different artificial vegetations had obvious trend characteristics with the change of soil depth. The water content of 0~20 cm soil layer under enclosed grassland was obviously decreased, and the water consumption of 0~40 cm soil layer under Hippophaerhamnoides Linn. forestland was obvious, the water consumption of 30~60 cm soil layer under Caraganakorshinskii. forestland was obvious, and the water content of the 20~100 cm soil layer under Ulmuspumila L. forestland was continuously consumed.【Conclusion】The artificial restoration of vegetation in Bashang area of northern Hebei must fully consider the regional precipitation, temperature, soil and other environmental conditions, follow the natural zonal law, and make rational distribution according to local conditions. |
| Key words: artificial vegetation; soil moisture; variation characteristics; bashang area |
