| 引用本文: | 刘伟坡,沙 娜,程旭学.三江平原建三江地下水动态变化特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(5):96-101. |
| LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue,LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue,LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue.三江平原建三江地下水动态变化特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,39(5):96-101. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明建三江分局地下水动态变化规律，为水资源开发利用及科学管理提供理论支撑。【方法】在综合分析建三江分局1997—2017年15个农场监测井地下水位标高、农业种植结构、土地利用类型等统计资料的基础上，应用衬度系数方差分析、Arcgis空间插值分析、OriginPro趋势分析等方法，分析了地下水动态变化规律及地下水流场空间变异特征。【结果】由于地下水的过量开采，地下水位呈持续下降趋势，下降幅度为1.60~9.29 m，中东部、中西部下降幅度表现为最大；地下水位衬度系数方差与地下水位下降幅度空间异变特征一致，中西部、中东部地下水动态受人类开采作用影响最为强烈；地下水流场空间异变特征明显，北西、南东、南部地下水水力梯度明显增大，局部地区地下水接受河水入渗补给，中部低平原区为地下水集中汇流区。【结论】地下水过量开采引起的地下水流场变化，激发了河水入渗补给地下水能力，增加了地下水侧向径流补给量，改善了地下水径流条件；为合理开发利用地下水，优化地下水资源管理提供了水文地质依据。 |
| 关键词: 地下水动态；衬度系数；地下水流场；水力梯度 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20190258 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Groundwater Dynamics in Catchment of Jiansanjiang in Sanjiang Plain |
|
LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue,LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue,LIU Weipo, SHA Na, CHENG Xuxue
|
|
Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey, CGS, Baoding 071051, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Sanjiang Plain, located in northeast Heilongjiang province, refers to the flood plains of three rivers: Songhua river, Heilong river and Wusuli river. It is rich in water and land resources and is one of the main food production bases in China. Its annual grain production has reached 15 million tons, accounting for 25% of the total grain production in Heilongjiang province. Jiansanjiang is in northeast Sanjiang plain, comprising 15 state-owned farms with total cultivation area of 12400 km2. With continuous optimization and adjustment of planting structure from 1997, its rice area in 2017 was 656 600 hm2, about 3.5 times that in 1997. Jiansanjiang is rich in surface water resources with Heilongjiang and Wusulijiang rivers flowing through, but the water use efficiency still has room for improvement. Over past decades, extracting groundwater for irrigation has changed natural course of groundwater flow and the groundwater level has been in decline as a result.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to unveil spatiotemporal groundwater dynamics in Jiansanjiang in attempts to provide baseline for improving water resources management in this region.【Method】Spatiotemporal changes in groundwater table were monitored from boreholes in the 15 farms, and we also collated data of agricultural planting structure and land usage from 1997 to 2017. The spatiotemporal changes in groundwater dynamics was analyzed using the variances of contrast coefficients, OriginPro trend and arcgis spatial interpolation.【Result】The groundwater table in the studied area had been falling at annual rates of 1.60 to 9.29 m, especially in the central-east and west region where the falling was fastest. The variance of contrast coefficient and spatial variation of the groundwater table falling were identical, with the groundwater in the central-east and west part most affected by extraction. There was a noticeably spatial variation in groundwater flow, with the gradient of groundwater table in northwest, southeast and south much steeper than in other parts. Groundwater in the proximity of the river at the confluence of the two rivers received recharge from the rivers .【Conclusion】Change in groundwater flow in the studied area was instigated by excessive groundwater extraction, which enhanced river exfiltration and accelerated groundwater flow. |
| Key words: groundwater dynamic; variance of contrast coefficients; groundwater flow; hydraulic gradient |
