| 引用本文: | 张晔,赵礼,李艳丽,等.不同灌水量和灌水频率对田间黄瓜耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHANG Ye,ZHAO Li,LI Yanli,et al.不同灌水量和灌水频率对田间黄瓜耗水特性及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为了确定大田黄瓜最适宜的灌溉频率和灌水量，【方法】试验于2018年在河南商丘生态试验站的防雨棚中进行，以20 cm标准蒸发皿的累积蒸发量（E20）作为灌水依据，灌溉处理分为2个灌溉间隔(I1:3 d；I2:6 d)和3种水面蒸发系数（K1:0.5；K2:0.7；K3:0.9），共6个试验组合处理。对不同灌水组合处理下的黄瓜耗水特性、产量构成和水分利用效率进行了分析。【结果】在黄瓜整个生育期间，耗水量在380~570 mm之间波动，黄瓜的产量在18~46 t/hm之间波动。从不同灌水频率组合来看，I2K3的产量最高，其中，K3处理的早期产量最高，而I1与I2的水分利用效率无明显差异。从产量构成指标与灌水量的关系来看，果实数与灌水量之间、耗水量与产量之间均呈正线性相关关系。【结论】建议对于田间黄瓜栽培，灌溉间隔设置为6 d，蒸发皿系数选择0.9为宜。 |
| 关键词: 20cm蒸发皿; 灌水间隔; 水面蒸发系数; 灌溉制度 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.9 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51309099)；浙江省水利厅重大科技项目(RA1806)资助；浙江省水利厅专项经费项目(5638896)资助。 |
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| Effect of different irrigation amount and frequency on water consumption and yield of cucumber in the field |
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ZHANG Ye1, ZHAO Li1, LI Yanli1, LIU Xinyang2, FU Guoqiang1
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1.Zhejiang Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision and Management Center;2.North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】A reasonable irrigation scheduling can not only provide suitable water condition for plant, but also better understand the sensitive of plants to water stress. Production of modern agricultural farming methods mainly depends on whether irrigation water used by crops in time. So in addition to determining the water consumption and irrigation interval of plants, it is also necessary to determine the sensitivity to soil moisture in various periods. 【Objective】In recent years, cucumber has been widely planted under open field in Shangqiu area of Henan Province, but fewer studies focus on irrigation scheduling on cucumber. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the optimal irrigation quota and frequency of cucumber in the field, and the experiment was conducted under rainproof shed in 2018. 【Method】Two irrigation intervals (I1: 3 d; I2: 6 d) combined with three pan evaporation coefficients (k1: 0.5; k2: 0.7; k3: 0.9) was used, where irrigation frequently was obtained based on the evaporation amount from 20 cm standard evaporating pan (E20). Soil water content, yield components (e.g. cucumber diameter, single fruit weight, length, number, et al.), water consumption, water use efficiency, irrigation water compensation rate of cucumber of different treatments were analyzed. 【Result】Results showed that soil water content of I2 before irrigation was very closer to wilting point than I1, and soil water content after irrigation of I2 was very closer to the field water capacity than I1. The water consumption of cucumber over the whole growth stage was between 380 and 570 mm, and the yield was between 18 and 46 t/hm. For different water treatments, the yield of I2K3 was the highest, and the early yield of the K3 was the higher that other treatments. Two irrigation intervals of I1 and I2 has little effect on water use efficiency of cucumber. The yield components were related to the irrigation amount and interval, and cucumber yield increased with the increasing of irrigation amount. The relationship between fruit number and irrigation amount, and between water consumption and yield can be fitted using a positive linear function. There was a linear positive correlation between the water consumption and pan evaporation for all treatments, indicating that it is feasible to use the 20 cm evaporation pan to determine the crop irrigation scheduling. 【Conclusion】Therefore, irrigation intervals of 6 d combined with evaporation pan coefficient of 0.9 was recommended as irrigation schedule for cucumber cultivation in the field. |
| Key words: 20 cm pan evaporation; irrigation interval; pan evaporation coefficient; irrigation scheduling |
