| 引用本文: | 王雨晴,张成福,闫冬,等.内蒙古荒漠草原区气候变化及干旱趋势分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Wang yuqing,Zhangchengfu,Yan dong,et al.内蒙古荒漠草原区气候变化及干旱趋势分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 内蒙古荒漠草原区气候变化及干旱趋势分析 |
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王雨晴1, 张成福1, 闫冬2, 国润才1, 贺帅1, 苗林1, 李响1
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1.内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院;2.内蒙古自治区土壤肥料和节水农业工作站
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| 摘要: |
| 荒漠草原是草原向荒漠过渡的旱生性最强的草原生态系统，在气候变化的背景下，该区的草原畜牧业深受干旱灾害的影响。分析荒漠草原区气候变化和干旱发生的特征及趋势，对该区采取适应气候变化对策具有重要意义。本文基于1970-2017年荒漠草原４个气象站资料对该区域气象要素（降水、气温、潜在蒸散量）和干旱指标（标准化降水蒸散指数，SPEI）进行分析。结果表明：1）温度在不同时间尺度上（月、季、年），均呈增加的趋势, 其中秋、冬增温趋势要高于春、夏季。2）降水在春、秋及冬季（1-6、9-12月）呈增加趋势,夏季（7、8月）呈减小的趋势，在年时间尺度上呈减小的趋势，但减小趋势不显著。3）潜在蒸发量在春、夏季（2-7月）呈减小的趋势，秋、冬季（8-12月和1月）呈增加趋势，在年尺度上呈显著增加的趋势。4）荒漠草原区在冬季（1、2、12月）有变湿的趋势外，其它季节（月）及年时间尺度上均有变干的趋势。5）小波周期分析发现SPEI的主震荡周期为5-7 年，为此该区域在 5-7 年尺度上呈现旱-湿交替的可能性较大。 |
| 关键词: 气候变化；生态脆弱区；荒漠草原；Penman-Monteith模型；SPEI |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:P468 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis of climate change and drought trend in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia |
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Wang yuqing1, Zhangchengfu1, Yan dong2, Guo runcai1, He shuai1, Miao lin1, Li xiang1
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1.College of desert control science and engineering Inner Mongolia agricultural university;2.Soil fertilizer and water-saving agriculture workstation of inner mongolia autonomous region
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| Abstract: |
| [Objective]Inner Mongolia grassland is not only an important part of agricultural basic resources in China, but also an important natural resource and natural ecological barrier in northern China.Desert steppe is the most drought prone grassland ecosystem in the transition from grassland to desert.The increase of temperature will lead to the frequent occurrence of extreme climate events such as global heavy rainfall, drought and high temperature heat wave. Drought is one of the most widely distributed, frequent and lasting natural disasters in the world. The middle temperature desert steppe in Inner Mongolia is characterized by low vegetation, sparse vegetation, low community productivity, arid climate and complex natural environment. Under the background of climate change, grassland animal husbandry in this area is deeply affected by drought disasters. If drought occurs, it may bring huge losses to the economy and life of the region. [Objective] to analyze the characteristics and trends of climate change and drought in desert steppe area, which is of great significance for adopting the countermeasures to adapt to climate change. The results can accurately and effectively monitor the meteorological changes and drought occurrence of desert steppe in Inner Mongolia under the background of global warming, provide scientific guidance for ecological environment protection and agricultural economic development, and provide theoretical basis for drought monitoring and disaster prevention and mitigation. [Method] This study takes the middle temperature desert steppe in Inner Mongolia as the research object.Based on the data of four meteorological stations in the desert steppe from 1970 to 2017, the meteorological elements (precipitation, temperature, potential evapotranspiration) and drought index (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, SPEI) were analyzed.The variation rules of meteorological elements on the annual ,season and monthly time scales are analyzed. Meteorological drought is the most effective means to predict and evaluate the occurrence, development and change of drought.. SPEI can be used to measure the changes of drought in the context of global warming in multiple time scales. The index has been applied in drought monitoring research in China in recent years, and the method has good applicability to drought monitoring in Inner Mongolia [Result]: 1) the temperature increased in different time scales (month, season and year), and the warming trend in autumn and winter was higher than that in spring and summer. 2) Precipitation increased in spring, autumn and winter (January June, September December), decreased in summer (July and August), and decreased in annual time scale, but the decreasing trend was not significant. 3) Potential evaporation decreased in spring and summer (February July), increased in autumn and winter (August December and January), and increased significantly in annual scale. 4) In addition to the trend of becoming wet in winter (January, February and December), the desert steppe has a drying trend in other seasons (months) and annual time scales. 5) The wavelet analysis shows that the main oscillation period of SPEI is 5-7 years. [Conclusion] meteorological elements and drought degree are different in year, season and month. It is of great significance to carry out ecological construction and agricultural development in different time scales. |
| Key words: Climate change; ecologically fragile areas; desert steppe; Penman-Monteith; SPEI |
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