| 引用本文: | 高福,冯棣,孙池涛.农业面源污染指标与地表水质量的相关性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| gaofu,fengdi,sunchitao.农业面源污染指标与地表水质量的相关性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】揭示我国农业主要面源污染物排放对地表水质量的影响，为改善地表水质量提供理论依据。【方法】本文总结了1999-2018年我国主要面源污染指标排放量变化趋势，并采用水质指数（WQI）量化分析了同期地表水质量，最后对农业主要面源污染指标排放量及其未利用量与地表水WQI之间做了相关分析。【结果】4种主要农业面源污染指标——化肥施用量和畜禽养殖业产生的化学需氧量（COD）、总磷（TP）和铵态氮（NH4+-N）在1999-2018年均呈先上升后趋于平稳或有下降的趋势。与1999年相比，2018年时4种主要污染物依次增长37.1%、21.1%、28.4%和15.6%。河流水质在1999-2006年呈下降趋势，之后明显改善，2018年WQI较1999年增加了13.8%。湖泊和水库的水质年际波动较大，2018年WQI较1999年分别增加6.5%和2.4%。畜禽养殖业产生的COD、TP和NH4+-N未利用量与河流WQI呈显著的负相关关系，TP对河流WQI的影响最大，其次是NH4+-N，COD影响最小。【结论】近年来我国河流水质有所改善，但水库和湖泊水质仍不容乐观，降低化肥施用量以及畜禽养殖业污染物未利用量是改善地表水质量的关键途径。 |
| 关键词: 河流水质；水质指数（WQI）；化肥施用量；化学需氧量（COD） |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV211；X52 |
| 基金项目:农业农村部作物需水与调控重点实验室开放课题（FIRI2019-03-0101） |
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| Correlation Analysis between Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Index and Surface Water Quality |
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gaofu1, fengdi1, sunchitao2
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1.Weifang Institute of Science and Technology Agricultural College;2.School of Water and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract：【Objective】To reveal the effect of the discharge of major agricultural non-point source pollutants on surface water quality in china, and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of surface water.【Method】 In this study, the changing trend of non-point source pollution index discharge from 1999 to 2018 in China was summarized, and the surface water quality in the same period was quantitatively analyzed using the water quality index (WQI). Finally, the correlationships between agricultural non-point source pollution indicators discharge and their unused amounts and surface water WQI were analyzed.【Result】The chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) from livestock and poultry breeding and fertilizer application of four major agricultural non-point source pollution indicators all increased first and then stabilized or decreased in 1999-2018. Compared to 1999, four major pollution indicators in 2018 increased by 37.1%, 21.1%, 28.4% and 15.6%, respectively. River water quality showed a decreasing trend in 1999-2006, and then improved significantly. Compared with the WQI of river water in 1999, which in 2018 increased by 13.8%. Larger inter-annual fluctuations appeared in lake and reservoir water quality in the study duration, and the WQI of two waters in 2018 was higher than that in 1999 by 6.5% and 2.4%, respectively. The unused COD, TP and NH4+-N from livestock and poultry breeding showed a significantly negative correlation with the river WQI, and the TP had the greatest impact on the river WQI, followed by NH4+-N, COD had the least impact.【Conclusion】 In recent years, the river water quality in China had improved, but the water quality of reservoir and lake were still not optimistic. Reducing the fertilizer application and the unused pollutants from livestock and poultry breeding is the key way to improve the quality of surface water. |
| Key words: River water quality; water quality index (WQI); fertilizer application; chemical oxygen demand (COD) |
