| 摘要: |
| 【目的】黄淮地区，单季稻拔节孕穗期容易发生极端高温和降水事件，水稻易遭受高温与涝双重胁迫，探究孕穗期高温与涝胁迫对水稻光合特性和产量的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验，设置3个胁迫处理，分别为涝胁迫 (T1，15 cm)，高温胁迫（T2），高温×涝胁迫(T3，15 cm)，以浅水勤灌为对照（CK），分析了孕穗期高温与涝胁迫条件下水稻光合特性和产量变化。【结果】孕穗期胁迫结束后，与CK相比，T2处理会降低水稻的光合速率，且较CK显著降低了30.77%，T3处理会增加水稻叶片的SPAD值和光合速率以及气孔导度，尤其是气孔导度较CK显著增加了51.90%；所有胁迫处理的地上部干物质量都低于CK，直至成熟期，T1、T2和T3处理的地上部干物质量分别较CK显著降低了6.65%、32.40%和12.98%；T2和T3处理均会降低水稻产量，且分别较CK显著减产80.09%和12.33%，千粒质量分别较CK下降了16.31%和11.86%；且T2处理的千粒质量和产量较T3处理分别显著降低5.05%和77.29%。【结论】水稻孕穗期若遭遇极端高温天气时，可以将田间水层保持在15 cm左右，缓解高温对水稻造成的热害。 |
| 关键词: 水稻；高温与涝胁迫；SPAD；光合特性；产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.1 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508301) |
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| Effects of high temperature and waterlogging on Photosynthetic Characteristics and yield of rice at booting stage |
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zhenbo, zhouxinguo
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Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract【Objective】 In Huang Huai Region, single cropping rice is prone to extreme high temperature and precipitation events at jointing and booting stage, and rice is vulnerable to double stresses of high temperature and waterlogging. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of high temperature and waterlogging stress at booting stage on Photosynthetic Characteristics and yield of rice.【Method】Pot experiments were conducted to analyze the photosynthetic characteristics and yield changes of rice under different high temperature and waterlogging stress at booting stage. Four treatments were set up as follows: waterlogging stess(water depth 15cm,T1) , high temperature stress(T2), high temperature×waterlogging stress(water depth of 15cm,T3), as well as a regular irrigation with shallow water (water depth of 0-5 cm) except for yellow maturity (CK). After stress treatment, the rice SPAD, Photosynthetic Characteristics and yield factors were observed. 【Result】After the stress at booting stage, compared to CK, T2 treatment decreased photosynthetic rate of rice significantly by 30.77% ,T3 treatment increased SPAD value, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of rice leaves, especially stomatal conductance increased by 51.90% compared with CK; the shoot drying weight of all stress treatments were lower than that of CK, until maturity, the shoot drying weight of T1, T2 and T3 treatments were lower than that of CK. Compared to CK, T2 and T3 treatments reduced rice yield by 80.09% and 12.33%, and 1000 grain weight decreased by 16.31% and 11.86% respectively, 1000 grain weight and yield of T2 treatment decreased by 5.05% and 77.29% respectively compared with T3.【Conclusion】In the case of high temperature weather at booting stage, the water layer in the field can be kept about 15cm, which can alleviate the heat damage caused by high temperature to rice |
| Key words: rice; high temperature and waterlogging stress; SPAD; Photosynthetic Characteristics; yield |
