| 引用本文: | 杨恒山,张明伟,张瑞富,等.西辽河平原浅埋滴灌下灌溉量、施氮量和种植密度及互作对春玉米产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Yang Hengshan,Zhang Mingwei,Zhang Ruifu,et al.西辽河平原浅埋滴灌下灌溉量、施氮量和种植密度及互作对春玉米产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提高西辽河平原春玉米水氮利用效率，优化种植密度，发挥水、氮、密协同作用，实现玉米高产高效。【方法】 2017—2019年采用随机区组设计实施了田间定位试验，以三年的平均产量（Y）为因变量，以试验设定的灌水量（W）、施氮量（N）、种植密度（D）为自变量，建立三元二次回归模型，并分析Y与W、N、D之间的互作关系。【结果】在试验设定的自变量范围内，W、N、D单因子对Y的提高均有促进作用，影响程度为N>W>D；二因子交互作用对产量的影响呈先提高后降低的变化趋势，交互作用的大小顺序为ND>WN>WD；三因子互作效应产量表现为中水高氮中密度配合处理最高，高水高氮中密度次之，低水低氮低密度最低。【结论】在自然降水下灌水量为1 958.40～2 228.00 m3/hm2，施氮量为209.34～275.70 kg/hm2，密度为67 350～78 150株/hm2时，产量可达12 000～12 716.82 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 浅埋滴灌;春玉米;灌水量;施氮量;密度;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S512.11 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300805),国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0300401),国家自然科学基金项（31860353）目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| Effects of irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate, planting density and interaction on yield of spring maize under shallow subsurface drip irrigation in Xiliaohe plain |
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Yang Hengshan1,2,3,2, Zhang Mingwei1, Zhang Ruifu1, Tai Jicheng1, Li Weimin1, Zhang Yushan1, Ma Riliang3, bai bin4
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1.College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities,Engineering Research Center of forage crops of Inner Mongolia Autonomous;2.China;3.Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Tongliao;4.College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Background】The contradiction between the shortage of water resources and the demand for agricultural water is an important factor that restricts the agricultural modernization development and the continuous increase of farmers' income in the Xiliaohe Plain, especially in the context of dry and warm climate. Water, nitrogen and density are important factors affecting the growth and yield formation of maize. Due to the use of traditional flood irrigation methods, ecological environment and agricultural production problems such as water and nitrogen utilization efficiency, groundwater level, and yield per unit area of cultivated land in Xiliaohe Plain become increasingly obvious, and the research on the theory and technology of efficient water-saving and nitrogen-decreasing has become a new direction in the field of agricultural sustainable development.【Objective】Improve the water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of spring maize in Xiliaohe Plain, optimize the planting density, give play to the synergistic effect of water, nitrogen and density, and realize high yield and high efficiency of maize. 【Method】The field experiment was carried out by random block design from 2017 to 2019. The three-year average yield (Y) was taken as the dependent variable, and the irrigation amount (W), nitrogen application rate (N) and planting density (D) were used as independent variables to establish the ternary quadratic regression model, and the interaction between Y and W, N, D was analyzed. 【Result】Within the range of independent variables, W, N, D single factor could promote the increase of Y, and the influence degree was N>W>D; the interaction of two factors had a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the order of interaction was ND>WN>WD; The interaction effect of three factors on yield showed that the combination of water, high nitrogen and medium density was the highest, high water and high nitrogen medium density was the second, and low water, low nitrogen and low density was the lowest.【Conclusion】Under natural precipitation, the yield can reach 12000-12716.82 kg/hm-2 when the irrigation amount is 1 958.40～2 228.00 m3/hm-2, the nitrogen rate is 209.34～275.70 kg/hm-2, and the density is 67 350-78 150 plants/hm-2.The results can provide a theoretical reference for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of spring maize under shallow buried drip irrigation in Xiliaohe plain. |
| Key words: shallow drip irrigation; spring maize; irrigation water; nitrogen application; density; yield |
