| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究粉垄耕作对河套灌区盐碱地土壤理化性质和生物学性质的影响。【方法】通过田间原位小区试验，设置粉垄耕作处理，以常规耕作为对照，测定土壤水稳性团聚体、有机质量、全氮量、微生物菌落数等指标，分析粉垄处理和对照各指标在同一土壤深度下的差异性。【结果】与常规耕作相比，粉垄耕作0~40 cm深度土壤可溶性全盐量及pH值显著降低； 粉垄耕作可使土壤体积质量显著降低、增大土壤孔隙度并降低土壤三相比，尤其在20~30 cm深度的表现更为明显；粉垄耕作增加了0~40 cm深度土壤有机质量、全氮量及水稳性团聚体量，且粒径在0.25~1.00 mm的团聚体量增加明显；粉垄耕作增加了0~40 cm深度土壤微生物菌落数，相比而言 20~40 cm深度的土壤微生物菌落数增加更显著。【结论】粉垄耕作可显著改善河套灌区盐碱地土壤理化生性质。 |
| 关键词: 粉垄耕作；土壤体积质量；土壤孔隙度；有机质；水稳性团聚体；土壤微生物 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| The Effect of Smash-ridging Cultivation on Properties of Saline-alkali Soil in Hetao Irrigation District |
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YANG Bo, QU Zhongyi*, SUN Huihui, YANG Wei, WANG Liping, LIU Xia, ZHANG Ruxin, WANG Qiyuan
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School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Hetao Irrigation District has the largest salt-affected areas in China. The cultivated lands affected by salinization and alkalization in the region are about 394 000 hm2, accounting for 68.65% of its total cultivated lands. Among many factors, tillage plays an important role in genesis of soil salinity. Compared with conventional shallow tillage that disturbs soil and destroys soil structure, non-tillage improves soil capacity to hold water and nutrients. However, long-term non-tillage could densify soil thereby reducing salt leaching and impending seedlings emergence and their subsequent development.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to experimentally elucidate the impact of smash-ridging cultivation on properties of saline-alkali soil in Hetao Irrigation district.【Method】The experiment was conducted at plots in a field, with standard cultivation used by local farmers as the control. In each treatment, soil samples were taken to measure soil properties including water-stable aggregates, soil organic matter, total soil nitrogen and counts of microbes. The difference between the treatments and the control was statistically analyzed.【Result】①Smash-ridging cultivation reduced total soluble salt content in the 0~40 cm soil by 30.34% in additional to the reduction in pH, compared with the control. ②It was also found that, compared to the control, smash-ridging cultivation increased porosity and three-phase ratio of the soil, especially soil in 20-30 cm, due to the breaking of the dense layer in 20~30 cm. ③The smash ridging cultivation increased soil organic matter, total soil nitrogen and water-stable aggregates, especially aggregates with diameters in 0.25~1.00 mm and 0~40 cm. ④Smash-ridging cultivation increased the counts of microbes in 0~40 cm soil, especially in 20~40 cm, due to the increased porosity which improved habitat for microorganisms and promoted their activities.【Conclusion】Smash-ridging cultivation significantly improved physical, chemical and biological properties of saline-alkali soil in Hetao irrigation district. |
| Key words: Smash-ridging cultivation; soil porosity; organic matter; aggregate stability; soil microorganisms |
