|
| 引用本文: | 滑小赞,程 滨,赵瑞芬,等.太原市农田土壤重金属污染评价与空间分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| HUA Xiao-zan,CHENG Bin,ZHAO Rui-fen,et al.太原市农田土壤重金属污染评价与空间分布特征[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
|
| |
|
|
| 本文已被：浏览 2151次 下载 0次 |
|
|
|
| 太原市农田土壤重金属污染评价与空间分布特征 |
|
滑小赞, 程 滨, 赵瑞芬, 霍晓兰, 王 钊, 王 森
|
|
山西农业大学资源环境学院
|
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示太原市农田土壤重金属污染现状、污染来源及其空间分布格局,为区域土壤污染防控和农业生产提供依据。【方法】采集太原市农田土壤214个,分析土壤中Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg和As 5种重金属的含量,采用单因子指数法和内梅罗综合指数法对土壤重金属元素进行污染评价,运用ArcGIS 10.3绘制太原市农田土壤重金属空间分布图,并利用SPSS 16.0对数据进行相关性分析进一步了解土壤重金属的污染来源。【结果】①太原市农田土壤中重金属含量分布差别较大, Cr、Cd、As、Hg和Pb均值分别为68.38、0.121、8.59、0.08、24.23 mg?kg-1,均未超过绿色食品产地环境质量标准,但其平均值均显著高于太原市土壤背景值。②单项污染指数值由大到小顺序为Hg(2.36)>Pb(1.76)>Cd(1.57)>Cr(1.19)>As(1.12)。其中,Hg、Pb和Cd主要受工业生产、污水灌溉、燃煤、农药化肥施用和交通运输等人为因素的影响,As和Cr主要受成土母质和农业活动的影响。③太原市农田土壤内梅罗综合指数为2.14,呈中度污染。7个县区农田土壤内梅罗综合指数由大到小依次是晋源区(4.17)>小店区(2.98) >尖草坪区(2.13) >清徐县(2.07) > 阳曲县(1.71)>娄烦县(1.67) >古交县(1.57),晋源区呈重度污染,小店区、尖草坪区、清徐县呈中度污染,古交县、阳曲县和娄烦县呈轻度污染。主要的污染元素均为Hg和Pb。④太原市农田土壤重金属空间分布图可以直观看出土壤重金属空间分部和污染情况,太原市城镇郊区及周边土壤呈中度污染和重度污染,其中晋源区和小店区污染最重,远离太原市市区的土壤呈轻度污染。【结论】太原市农田土壤总体呈中度污染,Hg和Pb单项污染指数最高,重金属污染较严重的区域均主要集中太原市城郊晋源区、小店区、尖草坪区和清徐县,今后工作中应加强对太原市城郊污染较重区域农田土壤重金属进行重点监测,尤其是Hg和Pb,以确保土壤健康和可持续利用。。 |
| 关键词: 太原市;农田土壤;重金属;污染评价;空间分布 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Pollution assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metals in the farmland soils of Taiyuan city |
|
HUA Xiao-zan, CHENG Bin, ZHAO Rui-fen, HUO Xiao-lan, WANG Zhao, WANG Sen
|
|
College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The objective of present study was to describe the present situation, pollution sources and spatial distributions of heavy metals in the farmland soil of Taiyuan. This work will be helpful for pollution control and agricultural production. 【Method】 The concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg and As in the 214 farmland soils in Taiyuan were determined. The pollution level of soil heavy metal elements was evaluated using single factor index method and nemerow comprehensive index method. The spatial distribution map of heavy metals was drew using ArcGIS 10.3 and the correlation analysis was done by SPSS 16.0 to reveal the pollution sources of heavy metals in soils. 【Result】① The concentrations distribution of heavy metals in farmland soils was quite different. The average content of Cr, Cd, As, Hg and Pb in soil was 68.38, 0.121, 8.59, 0.08 and 24.23 mg?kg-1 respectively. These contents were significantly higher than the corresponding background values of soil in Taiyuan, although they did not exceed the environmental quality standard of the green food producing area. ② The Single Pollution Index was shown as Hg(2.36)>Pb(1.76)>Cd(1.57)>Cr(1.19)>As(1.12). The contaminations of Hg, Pb and Cd mainly originated from industrial production, sewage irrigation, coal burning, application of pesticide and chemical fertilizer and transportation. On the other hand, the pollution of As and Cr were mainly associated with soil parent material and agricultural activities. ③ The Nemerow index of Taiyuan farmland soil was 2.14, indicating the moderate pollution. The Nemerow index of farmland soil was 4.17 in Jinyuan district, 2.98 in Xiaodian district, 2.13 in Jiancaoping district, 2.07 in Qingxu county, 1.71 in Yangqu county, 1.67 in Loufan county and 1.57 in Gujiao county. According to the Nemerow index (higher values, higher pollution), Jinyuan, Xiaodian, Jiancaoping and Qingxu were heavily polluted, while Gujiao, Yangqu and Loufan were slightly polluted. The main pollution elements were Hg and Pb across the 7 sampling counties. ④ The spatial distribution map of heavy metals and pollution status could be visualized, showing moderately and severely polluted in the suburb soils of Taiyuan (especially in Jinyuan and Xiaodian districts), and slightly polluted in the countries far from Taiyuan. 【Conclution】 We conclude that the farmland soils in Taiyuan were moderately polluted and Hg and Pb were the main contaminants. The more serious heavy metal pollution was located in the suburbs of Taiyuan (i.e., Jinyuan, Xiaodian, Jiancaoping and Qingxu). We recommend that it is necessary to strengthen monitoring Hg and Pb in soils in these heavily polluted areas to ensure the soil health and agriculture sustainability. |
| Key words: Taiyuan; arable land soil; heavy metals; pollution envaluation; spatial distribution |
|
|
|
|
