| 引用本文: | 孙池涛,于超,孙景生,等.滨海盐碱地起垄沟播植棉技术增产机理研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| sunchitao,Yu chao,Sun Jingsheng,et al.滨海盐碱地起垄沟播植棉技术增产机理研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为揭示滨海盐碱地起垄沟播植棉技术增产机理。【方法】在滨海重度盐碱地农田开展常规平播(CK)和起垄沟播(RF)两种植棉技术对棉花成苗率、幼苗生长、产量及其构成以及根表面积和土壤水盐分布影响的研究。【结果】与CK处理相比,2014-2015年RF处理的成苗率分别提高8.3%和56.6%,单株叶面积依次增加67.9%和38.7%；单株成铃数分别增加33.9%和63.4%,最终籽棉产量分别增加37.0%和196.4%。2014年,棉花生育期内RF处理根表面积平均比CK增加了35.9%。2014和2015年,棉花生育期内RF处理0~60 cm的平均土壤含水率较CK处理高3.27%和5.32%；2014年RF处理0~60 cm平均电导率比CK低14.43%,而2015年RF处理0~60 cm平均电导率比CK高1.24%。干旱时期,CK处理膜外和膜内0~60 cm土壤含水率基本一致,膜内0~60 cm土壤电导率比膜外低32.40%和35.69%；RF处理膜内土壤含水率比膜外分别高2.87%和5.98%,而膜内土壤电导率比膜外分别低40.76%和59.95%。【结论】起垄沟播植棉技术通过改变地表微地形,优化了土壤中水盐分布,促进棉花幼苗及根系生长,提高其产量。 |
| 关键词: 滨海盐碱地;棉花;起垄沟播;水盐分布;机理 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV93 |
| 基金项目:农业部作物需水过程与调控重点实验室开放基金(FIRI202004-0201),山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018BEE048),山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2019JZZY010727)；国家自然科学基金青年基金(31700368) |
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| Mechanism of Increasing Cotton Yield by Ridge-furrow Cultivation in Coastal Saline-alkali Land |
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sunchitao1, Yu chao1, Sun Jingsheng2, Zhang Junpeng1, Fengdi3, Feng guoyi4, Zhang Qian4
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1.School of Water and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University;2.Key Laboratory of Crop Water Demand Process and Regulation;3.Weifang University of Science and Technology;4.Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In order to reveal the mechanism of ridge-furrow cultivation on cotton yield-increasing in coastal saline-alkali land.【Method】Experimental research on conventional flat cultivation (CK) and ridge-furrow cultivation (RF) were selected in the coastal severely saline-alkali farmland, and the impact of cotton seedling rate, seedling growth, yield and its composition, root surface area and soil water and salt distribution were studied.【Result】 Compared with CK, the seedling rate of RF treatment increased by 8.3% and 56.6%, and the leaf area per plant increased by 67.9% and 38.7%; the number of bolls per plant increased by 33.9% and 63.4%, the Seed cotton yield increased by 37.0% and 196.4%, respectively, in 2014 and 2015. During the growth period of 2014, the root surface area of RF treatment increased by 35.9% on average when compared with CK. In 2014 and 2015, the average soil moisture of 0~60 cm layer of RF was 3.27% and 5.32% higher than that of CK during the cotton growth period. In 2014, the average electrical conductivity (EC) of 0~60 cm layer of RF was 14.43% lower than that of CK, while it was 1.24% higher than CK in 2015. During the dry period, the soil moisture of 0~60 cm outside the CK treatment was basically the same as that inside the membrane, and the electrical conductivity in 0~60 cm inside was 32.40% and 35.69% lower than that outside the membrane; while it was 2.87% and 5.98% higher for soil moisture, and was 40.76% and 59.95% lower for electrical conductivity for the inside than that outside the membrane in 2015.【Conclusion】Ridge-furrow cultivation optimizes the distribution of soil water and salt by changing the surface micro-topography, and promotes the growth of cotton seedlings and roots, as well as increases its yield. |
| Key words: Coastal saline-alkali soil; Cotton; Ridge-furrow cultivation; Soil water-salt distribution; mechanism |
