| 引用本文: | 宋鑫玥,刘胜尧,贾宋楠,等.条带种植模式下微喷带对冬小麦产量和耗水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):15-21. |
| SONG Xinyue,LIU Shengyao,JIA Songnan,et al.条带种植模式下微喷带对冬小麦产量和耗水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):15-21. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】缓解华北平原淡水资源匮乏与冬小麦高耗水的矛盾，解决当地水资源利用率低的问题。【方法】以济麦22为试验材料，在条带种植微喷带灌溉设置了4个灌水量处理：在小麦拔节期、灌浆初期、灌浆中期（灌浆期5月下旬）3个生育时期设灌水15 mm（W1）、22.5 mm（W2）、30 mm（W3）、37.5 mm（W4），以等行距种植常规地面畦灌在拔节期和灌浆初期各灌60 mm为对照（CK），分析了不同灌溉处理的耗水特性、籽粒产量及水分利用特征。【结果】小麦生育期内总耗水量在306.46~399.4 mm，W1、W2、W3、W4处理和CK土壤水占总耗水的比例分别为44.2%、42.97%、41.24%、40.15%和38.41%；随着灌水量的增加，灌溉水占总耗水的比例增加；冬小麦拔节至灌浆初期耗水量最大，占全生育期的45.33%~53.68%，条带种植模式各处理在播种至灌浆初期耗水所占比重较大，CK则在灌浆初期至成熟期较大。微喷带灌溉条件下冬小麦籽粒产量随着灌水量的增加而增加，W4处理产量最高达9 682.66 kg/hm2；W3处理的水分利用率最高，比CK提高了7.54%。【结论】微喷带灌溉灌水量在135~157.5 mm，耗水量在367.5~400 mm时，冬小麦能获得最高的产量和水分利用效率。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦；微喷带灌溉；灌水量；耗水特性；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020271 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| The Effect of Hose-micro-sprinkling Irrigation Amount on Yield and Water Consumption of Strip-planted Winter Wheat |
|
SONG Xinyue, LIU Shengyao, JIA Songnan, GAO Zhen, FAN Fengcui, DU Xiong, QI Hao, ZHANG Zhe
|
|
1.College of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; 2.Agricultural Information and Economic Research Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Hebei plain is one of the most important winter wheat production bases in China and plays an critical role in national food security. Most precipitations within wheat growth season in this region fall in July- August and cannot sustain wheat growth. Therefore, supplementary irrigation using groundwater is needed. Over exploitation of groundwater combining with the inefficient flood irrigation over the past few decades has led to serious environmental and ecological degradation, and developing water-saving irrigation techniques has thus become essential to sustaining wheat production in this region.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to study how hose-micro-sprinkler irrigation amount impacts water consumption and yield of winter wheat planted in strip pattern, in attempts to improve water use efficacy without undermining crop yield.【Method】The field experiment was conducted in 2019 with the cultivar Jimai 22 used as the model plant. We compared four irrigation amounts: 15 mm (W1), 22.5 mm (W2), 30 mm(W3) and 37.5 mm(W4), with the 60 mm furrow-irrigation used by local farmers taken as the control (CK). Crops in each treatment were irrigated at jointing, early and middle grain-filling stages, respectively. During the experiment, we measured and calculated water consumption, grain yield and water use efficiency of the wheat.【Result】The total water consumption during the growth season was 306.46~399.4 mm, varying with treatments, and the proportion of soil water consumed by the crops under W1, W2, W3, W4 and CK was 44.2%, 42.97%, 41.24%, 40.15% and 38.41%, respectively. With the irrigation amount increasing, the proportion of irrigation water consumed by the crops increased. The crops were most water-demanding from the jointing stage to the early filling stage, with 45.33%~53.68% of the total water they consumed occurring in this period. The crops consumed more water from sowing stage to early grouting stage in all treatments, while in CK the crops took up more water they consumed between the early grain-filling stage and the ripening stage. The grain yield increased with irrigation amount, peaking at 9 682.66 kg/hm2 in W4. In contrast, water use efficiency in W3 was the highest, increasing by 7.54% compared to the CK.【Conclusion】In terms of high-yield and high-water use efficiency, the most appropriate irrigation was 135~157.5 mm, with its associated water consumption being 367.5~400 mm. |
| Key words: winter wheat; micro-sprinkling-hoses irrigation; irrigation amount; water consumption; yield |
