| 引用本文: | 王逍遥,王天泽,周云鹏,等.微纳米气泡水滴灌对设施甜瓜产量、品质及灌溉水利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):38-46. |
| WANG Xiaoyao,WANG Tianze,ZHOU Yunpeng,et al.微纳米气泡水滴灌对设施甜瓜产量、品质及灌溉水利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):38-46. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】提出适合设施甜瓜栽培的微纳米气泡水（Micro-nano Bubble Water，MNBW）滴灌模式。【方法】以设施甜瓜为供试对象，采用地下滴灌系统进行MNBW灌溉，研究了MNBW和传统地下水（Conventional Groundwater，CGW）4种水源、2种施肥水平（100%和80%滴灌施肥水平）、3种滴灌频率（1/3、1/7、1/15 次/d）等因素耦合对甜瓜产量、品质和灌溉水利用效率（Irrigation Water Use Efficiency，IWUE）的影响。【结果】使用MNBW滴灌可以实现肥料减施，削减20%传统滴灌施肥量可以大幅提高甜瓜的产量（增幅最高可达56.4%）和IWUE（增幅最高可达67.7%），可溶性糖量、维生素C量、可溶性固形物量也提升显著；灌溉频率也会影响MNBW滴灌的应用效果1/3 次/d的高频滴灌下甜瓜的品质提升最为显著，与滴灌频率为1/15 次/d相比，甜瓜的可溶性固形物量提高21.5%～28.0%、维生素C量提高11.6%～14.8%、茎粗提高8.5%～14.2%。如果未恰当采用未腐熟牛粪作为底肥，MNBW滴灌反而会大幅降低甜瓜的产量、品质与IWUE。【结论】推荐滴灌频率为1/3 次/d的MNBW滴灌结合80%滴灌施肥水平作为设施甜瓜微纳米气泡水滴灌模式。 |
| 关键词: 微纳米气泡水；地下滴灌；设施甜瓜；产量品质；灌溉水利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020073 |
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| Effects of Oxygation with Micro-nano Air Bubbles on Yield, Fruit Quality and Irrigation-water Use Efficiency of Muskmelon |
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WANG Xiaoyao, WANG Tianze, ZHOU Yunpeng, XIAO Yang, LIU Yaxin, LI Yunkai
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1. College of Water and Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;2. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Intensive facility agriculture production could densify soil and create hypoxia, thereby toxifying roots and ultimately leading to yield reduction. Aerating subsurface drip irrigation can oxygenate subsoil and improve soil ventilation to ameliorate such detrimental impacts. However, traditional mechanically aerated subsurface irrigation and chemically aerated subsurface irrigation could produce large air bubbles in soils, which can escape the soil along pores adjacent to the roots, compromising oxygation efficiency as a result. Improving aerating irrigation efficiency is an issue remaining to be resolved, one way in which is to fertigate using water rich in micro-nano air bubbles. Its efficacy, however, is impacted by many factors.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of fertigation frequency and fertilizer amount used in fertigation on yield and quality of muskmelon under surface-drip oxygation with micro-nano air bubbles (MNBW), from which we proposed a suitable MNBW for facility cultivation of muskmelon.【Method】The experiment consisted of two irrigations: one was MNBW and the other one was conventional irrigation with groundwater (CGW). Added to the MNBW were three irrigation frequencies: once every three days (P3), one every seven days (P7) and once every 15 days (P15), and two fertilizations: 100% (F100) and 80% (F80) of the fertilizers used by local farmers. In each treatment, we measured the fruit quality and irrigation-water use efficiency (IWUE) of the muskmelon.【Result】The MNBM can reduce fertilizer application by 20% while in the meantime improving the yield by up to 54.6% and the IWUE by up to 67.6%. It also increased the content of soluble sugar, vitamin C and soluble solids in the fruits all at significant level. Irrigation frequency affected the efficacy of MNBW too, with the frequency P3 improving fruit quality. Compared to P15, P3 increased soluble solid and vitamin C by 21.5%~28.0% and 11.6%~14.8%, and stem thickness by 8.6%~14.2%, respectively.【Conclusion】The optimal MNBW for the muskmelon is irrigating after every three days coupled with a fertigation using 80% of the fertilizer applied in the conventional fertigation. It is worth pointing out that if incomplete composted manure is used as base fertilizer, MNBW could inhibit muskmelon growth and reduce its yield, quality and IWUE as a result. Our results have important implications for facility production of muskmelon. |
| Key words: Oxygation micro-nano air bubbles; subsurface drip irrigation; facility muskmelon production; fruit yield and quality; irrigation water use efficiency |
