| 引用本文: | 曹玉钧,田军仓,沈 晖,等.再生水灌溉对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):55-61. |
| CAO Yujun,TIAN Juncang,SHEN Hui,et al.再生水灌溉对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2021,(1):55-61. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究再生水灌溉不同因素对紫花苜蓿产量和品质的影响。【方法】通过三因素三水平正交试验，利用极差分析和方差分析，研究了再生水灌溉不同因素的主次顺序、显著性、各因素影响趋势及最优组合。【结果】灌溉定额对紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、一级分枝数、干草产量、粗脂肪、粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、相对饲喂价值、氮、磷、钾和钙影响显著（P<0.05），灌水水质对粗灰分影响显著（P<0.05），灌水技术因素和灌水水质因素对其他指标影响不显著。综合灌溉定额、灌水技术及灌水水质对紫花苜蓿生长、产量及品质的影响，最优组合为A3B2C1，与参考组合一致。【结论】在生育期降雨量为113.5 mm时，采用再生水灌溉定额为2 280 m3/hm2，灌水技术为地下滴灌，灌水水质为再生水，灌水定额为240 m3/hm2、灌溉次数为9次，为当地再生水灌溉水质、灌溉制度与灌水技术的最优组合（A3B2C1），该组合产量高，品质好，重金属量远小于国家标准。这为宁夏地区推广再生水灌溉紫花苜蓿提供了理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 生活再生水；紫花苜蓿；灌水技术；灌溉制度；地下滴灌 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2020180 |
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| The Effects of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Growth and Quality of Alfalfa in Ningxia |
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CAO Yujun, TIAN Juncang, SHEN Hui, YAN Xinfang
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1.School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2.Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China; 3.Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Ningxia is in arid and semi-arid region in China, characterized by uneven spatiotemporal precipitation, strong evaporation, long cold winter, short hot summer, and late arrival of spring and early onset of autumn. Over the past years the planting areas of alfalfa in Ningxia have continued to increase due to its high yield and nutrition, but water resource scarcity has constrained its production. Reclaimed domestic wastewater can be used as an alternative irrigation water source, but it is rich in salt content and other organic and inorganic contaminants, and the impact of its irrigation on growth and quality of alfalfa remains obscure.【Objective】This paper aims to experimentally unravel the changes in growth and quality traits of the alfalfa irrigated with treated urban domestic wastewater.【Method】The experiment consisted of three factors and three levels, all designed using the orthogonal test. The primary- and second-order factors of the irrigation that affected alfalfa growth and quality traits were calculated using the variance analysis, from which the optimal combination was proposed.【Result】 Irrigation amount impacted plant height, stem thickness, first-level branch number, hay yield, crude fat, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, relative feeding value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium all at significant level (P<0.05). The effect of water quality on crude ash was also at significant level (P<0.05). Irrigation method and water quality did not show significant effects on other plant traits. The optimal combination of irrigation amount, irrigation method and water quality for alfalfa growth, yield and quality was A3B2C1, consistent with the references.【Conclusion】 When rainfall during the growth season of alfalfa was 113.5 mm, irrigating 2 280 m3/hm2 of water in nine times using surface drip irrigation, with each time irrigating 240 m3/hm2 of the reclaimed water, was optimal (A3B2C1). This could ensure high and quality yield while in the meantime keep heavy metal contents in the crops far less than the national standard. |
| Key words: reclaimed domestic water; alfalfa; irrigation technology; irrigation schedule; subsurface drip irrigation |
