| 引用本文: | 张廷龙,陈建平,陈桂平,等.春小麦耗水特征对播种方式及播量的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Zhang Tinglong,Chen Jianping,Chen Guiping,et al.春小麦耗水特征对播种方式及播量的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究不同播种方式和播量对春小麦耗水特征及水分利用效率的影响，为干旱区春小麦水资源高效利用提供理论和实践依据。【方法】采用裂区试验设计，主区为播种方式：设宽幅匀播和传统条播2种模式；副区为不同播量：设D1：390 kg/hm2、 D2：420 kg/hm2、D3：450 kg/hm2、D4：480 kg/hm2和D5：510 kg/hm2共计5个水平，研究了春小麦耗水量、产量和水分利用效率。【结果】播量是春小麦各阶段耗水量的主要影响因子，播种方式与播量对春小麦拔节至乳熟、乳熟至完熟阶段的耗水量具有显著交互作用。宽幅匀播春小麦耗水量在D4处理时达到最大值，而传统条播春小麦耗水量最大值出现在D3处理；宽幅匀播D2、D4、D5处理较传统条播春小麦籽粒产量分别增加5.3%、21.0%和28.3%；宽幅匀播D4处理产量最高，较传统条播最高产量D3处理增加8.8%；播量每增加30 kg/hm2，宽幅匀播春小麦的平均增产率为8.4%，较传统条播高133.2%；宽幅匀播D4处理可使春小麦获得最大水分利用效率，较传统条播最大水分利用效率的D3处理提高6.6%。【结论】播量是春小麦各阶段耗水量及全生育期总耗水量的主要影响因子，宽幅匀播可在耗水不增加的情况下提高春小麦增密的产量效益，从而提高水分利用效率；宽幅匀播结合播量480 kg/hm2可作为试验区春小麦高产和水分高效利用的参考播种方式和播量。 |
| 关键词: 宽幅匀播；播量；耗水特征；水分利用效率；春小麦 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S512.11 |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503125-3)、国家自然科学基金(31771738)、甘肃农业大学人才引进专项(GAU-RCZX-201705)、甘肃农业大学盛彤笙科技创新基金(GSAU-STS-1439) |
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| Response of Water Consumption Characteristics of Wheat to Different Sowing Patterns and Seeding Rates |
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Zhang Tinglong1, Chen Jianping1, Chen Guiping2, Yin Wen2, Hu Falong2, Zhao Cai2, Fan Zhilong2
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1.Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Yongchang;2.Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Investigating the effects of different sowing patterns and sowing rates on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency of spring wheat, to provide theoretical and practical basis for efficient of water resources use of spring wheat in arid irrigated region.【Method】Using split plot experiment design, the main plot for 2 sowing patterns: wide range sowing pattern and traditional strip sowing pattern, slip plot for 5 seeding rates: D1: 390 kg/hm2, D2: 420 kg/hm2, D3: 450 kg/hm2, D4: 480 kg/hm2 and D5: 510 kg/hm2. The water consumption amount, grain yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat were investigated. 【Result】The main effect factor on water consumption in each stage of spring wheat was seeding rates. In jointing-milk ripe and milk ripe-complete ripeness, the sowing patterns and seeding rates had significant interaction on water consumption of spring wheat. The water consumption of spring wheat with D4 in wide range sowing pattern received maximum value, but which with D3 in traditional strip sowing pattern. The grain yield of wide range sowing spring wheat in D2, D4 and D5 was 5.3%, 21.0% and 28.3% greater than that of traditional strip sowing, respectively. The greatest grain yield was observed with D4 in wide range sowing pattern, and with D3 in traditional strip sowing pattern. The grain yield of wide range sowing spring wheat with D4 was 8.8% greater than that of traditional strip sowing spring wheat with D3. The average yield increase of wide range sowing spring wheat was 8.4% with each 30 kg/hm2 increase of sowing rate, which was 133.2% greater than that of traditional strip sowing. The maximal WUE of spring wheat was received by wide range sowing D4 treatment, which was 6.6% greater than the maximal WUE of traditional strip sowing D3 treatment.【Conclusion】Seeding rates is the main effect factor of spring wheat population water consumption. Wide range sowing pattern can enhance the yield increase benefit of spring wheat by increasing seeding rates without increasing water consumption, so as to improve the WUE. Wide range sowing pattern combined with 480 kg/hm2 seeding rate can be referenced for increasing spring wheat yield and water use efficiency in the research region. |
| Key words: wide range sowing pattern; seeding rate; water consumption characteristics; water use efficiency; spring wheat |
