| 引用本文: | 王京行,吕刚,李晗,等.排土场边坡土壤侵蚀特征对雨强和植被覆盖度的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
| WANG Jinghang,LV Gang,LI Han,et al.排土场边坡土壤侵蚀特征对雨强和植被覆盖度的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为揭示降雨强度和植被覆盖度对排土场坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响,采用人工模拟降雨试验研究不同降雨强度(50、75、100 mm/h)和植被覆盖度(0%、40%、70%)下排土场坡面径流率、含沙量、侵蚀率随产流时间的变化特征,揭示排土场坡面水沙关系。结果表明：随着降雨强度的增大,坡面径流率、含沙量和侵蚀率均显著增大；当降雨强度为50、75、100 mm/h时,不同植被覆盖度的平均径流率依次为0.57~0.79、0.93~1.15、1.01~1.35 L/min,平均含沙量依次为0.86~4.49、0.80~5.42、1.87~8.89 g/L,平均侵蚀率依次为0.51~3.57、0.82~6.24、2.00~12.15 g/min,0%植被覆盖度显著大于40%和70%植被覆盖度(P<0.05)；植被措施可以有效地提高植被覆盖度,降低土壤侵蚀量。侵蚀率与径流率之间具有显著的幂函数关系,且径流率越大,侵蚀率越大。研究结果可为矿区排土场水土流失防治提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 土壤侵蚀;排土场;降雨强度;植被覆盖度;人工模拟降雨 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S157 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC1503105) |
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| Response of soil erosion characteristics of slope of the dump to rain intensity and vegetation coverage |
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WANG Jinghang, LV Gang, LI Han, LI Kunheng, LIANG Qizhuo
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College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University
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| Abstract: |
| In order to reveal the effects of rainfall intensity and vegetation coverage on the soil erosion characteristics of dump, artificial simulated rainfall experiments were used to study the variation characteristics of runoff rate, sediment concentration and erosion rate with time with different rainfall intensities (50, 75, 100 mm/h) and vegetation coverage (0%, 40%, 70%), revealing the relationship between runoff and sediment. The results indicated that with the increase of rainfall intensity, the runoff rate, sediment concentration, erosion rate were increased. When the rainfall intensity was 50, 75 and 100 mm/h, the average runoff rate was 0.57-0.79, 0.93-1.15, 1.01-1.35 L/min, the average sediment concentration was 0.86-4.49, 0.80-5.42, 1.87-8.89 g/L, and the average erosion rate was 0.51-3.57, 0.82-6.24, 2.00-12.15 g/min, respectively, and which of 0% vegetation coverage was significantly higher than 40% and 70% vegetation coverage (P<0.05). Vegetation measures could effectively improve vegetation coverage and reduce soil erosion. There was a significant power function relationship between erosion rate and runoff rate, and the higher the runoff rate, the greater the erosion rate. The results could provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion in the dump. |
| Key words: soil erosion; dump; rainfall intensity; vegetation coverage; artificial simulated rainfall |
