| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究枣树在生育期和休眠期茎流速率与气象因子的变化规律和耗水特征，为枣树的灌溉指导提供科学依据。【方法】通过针式茎流计对微喷灌下枣树的茎流速率进行全年连续监测，分析茎流各时期的变化情况。【结果】①发现生育期太阳辐射对其茎流速率影响最为显著，相关系数RD1=0.924**、RD2=0.939**、RD3=0.943**和RD4=0.915**；休眠期则是空气湿度，相关系数RC1=0.699**、RC2=0.923**、RC3=0.841**、RC4=0.918**和RC5=0.618**。②生育期和休眠期枣树日间最大茎流活动时长分别为14h和9h，且茎流在夜间的变化规律存在明显差异。③生育期茎流速率峰值区间在12:00—15:30，而休眠期茎流速率随着休眠的各时期发生偏移，从C1和C2阶段茎流速率的峰值区间在3:00—6:00，到C4和C5阶段在7:00—10:00，茎流速率的峰值区间发生明显偏移。④生育期和休眠期内各时期耗水表现为D3>D4>D2>D1和C1>C5>C3>C2>C4。【结论】枣树茎流全年的耗水量为3992.35 L，休眠期为774.34 L，占比全年总耗水量的19.39%。枣树的休眠期长达182天，休眠期的耗水对枣树的生长发育意义重大。 |
| 关键词: 液流；生育期；休眠期；耗水量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S665.1 |
| 基金项目:2020年国家自然基金(52069027):特色林果业高效节水提质增效关键技术；2020年邓铭江院士工作站基金(2020.D-003):特色林果业高效节水提质增效关键技术；高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2017T004):干旱区枣树节水调质技术及智能决策系统研发创新团队。 |
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| Study on transpiration law micro spraying Ziziphus jujube ‘Huizao’in whole growth period in Arid Oasis |
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Zhang Yang, Ma Yingjie
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(Xinjiang Agricultural University College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To explore the variation law and water consumption characteristics of stem flow rate and meteorological factors in growth and dormancy period of jujube, so as to provide scientific basis for irrigation guidance of jujube.【Method】The stem flow rate of jujube under micro sprinkler irrigation was continuously monitored by stem flow meter throughout the year, and the changes of stem flow in each period were analyzed.【Result】①The results showed that solar radiation had the most significant effect on the stem flow rate, and the correlation coefficients were RD1 =0.924**, RD2 =0.939**, RD3 =0.943** and RD4 =0.915**; In dormancy period, air humidity was the main factor, and the correlation coefficients were RC1 =0.699**, RC2 =0.923**, RC3 =0.841**, RC4 =0.918** and RC5 =0.618**. ②During the growth period and dormancy period, the maximum duration of stem flow activity in daytime was 14 h and 9 h , and the variation of stem flow at night was significantly different. ③The peak range of stem flow rate at growth stage was from 12:00 to 15:30, while the peak range of stem flow rate at dormancy stage shifted with each dormancy stage, from 3:00 to 6:00 at C1 and C2 stages to 7:00 to 10:00 at C4 and C5 stages.④The water consumption in growth and dormancy stages was D3 > D4 > D2 > D1 and C1 > C5 > C3 > C2 > C4.【Conclusion】The annual water consumption of jujube stem flow is 3992.35 L. Water consumption of Jujube during dormancy is 774.34 L. It accounted for 19.39% of the total water consumption. The dormancy period of jujube is 182 days. The water consumption during dormancy period is of great significance to the growth and development of jujube. |
| Key words: Stem flow; Growth period; Dormancy period; Water consumption |
