| 引用本文: | 高翠民,丁晋利,张洁梅,等.水氮运筹对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Gao cuimin,Ding Jinli,Zhang Jiemei,et al.水氮运筹对玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】基于河南浚县3 a（2017-2019年）田间试验，研究不同灌水量和氮肥运筹对玉米水氮利用特性和产量的影响，以确定适合于豫北灌溉区玉米的高产高效和节水增效的水氮运筹模式。【方法】试验设置3个灌水量：灌0水（A1），灌2水（A2）和灌3水（A3）；2个氮肥运筹：B1：基肥（70%）+小喇叭口期（20%）+灌浆期（10%），B2：基肥（60%）+小喇叭口期（25%）+灌浆期（15%），共6个处理。【结果】灌水次数（A）和氮肥运筹（B）对玉米产量、水分利用效率（WUE）、灌水利用效率（IUE）和氮肥偏生产力（NPFP）的影响均极显著，而A×B交互作用对其没有显著影响。2017和2019年玉米产量、WUE和NPFP的变化规律为A3B2 > A2B2 > A3B1 > A2B1 > A1B2 > A1B1；而2018为A3B2 > A3B1 > A2B2 > A2B1 > A1B2 > A1B1，且3 a A3B1与A2B2间没有显著性差异。与对应对照（A1B2）相比，2017-2019年A3B2处理玉米产量、WUE和NPFP分别增加20.2-39.6 %、4.8-10.9 % 和20.2-39.6%。2017-2019年玉米IUE均随着灌水次数的增加而降低，其中均以A2B2最高，较A3B2增加30.2-91.9 %。此外，2017-2019年A2B2玉米产量和NPFP显著高于A1B2，分别增加11.3 -21.1%和11.3-21.2%。【结论】A3B2 为豫北灌区玉米最佳高产高效模式, A2B2 为豫北灌区玉米最佳节水增效模式。 |
| 关键词: 水氮运筹; 玉米; 产量; 水分利用效率; 氮肥偏生产力 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S513，S318 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0300708，2017YFD0301102）；河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目(2020YQ06)；河南省农业科学院自主创新专项基金项目（2021ZC33） |
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| Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Management on Summer Maize Yield and Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency |
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Gao cuimin1, Ding Jinli2, Zhang Jiemei3, Jiang Yuqin4, He Fang1, Yang Yonghui1, Wu Jicheng1
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1.Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;2.Zhengzhou Normal University;3.College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University;4.Xunxian Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Based on a 3-year (2017-2019) field experiment in Xunxian County, Henan Province, the effects of different irrigation amount and nitrogen fertilization management on water and nitrogen use characteristics and yield of maize were studied in order to determine the suitable water and nitrogen application regime for high yield and high efficiency and water-saving efficient of maize in northern Henan irrigation area.【Method】Three irrigation amounts ( A1, 0; A2, two times; A3, three times) and two nitrogen fertilizer managements (B1, basal fertilizer ( 70 % ) + small trumpet stage ( 20 % ) + filling stage ( 10 % ); B2, basal fertilizer ( 60 % ) + small trumpet stage ( 25 % ) + filling stage ( 15 % )) were set in the field experiment, there were totally six treatments.【Result】The results showed that the effects of irrigation amount (A) and nitrogen fertilization management (B) on maize yield, water use efficiency (WUE), irrigation use efficiency (IUE) and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (NPFP) were all extremely significant, while the A×B interaction had no significant effect on them. The variation of maize yield, WUE and NPFP in 2017 and 2019 were A3B2 > A2B2 > A3B1 > A2B1 > A1B2 > A1B1; and was A3B2 > A3B1 > A2B2 > A2B1 > A1B2 > A1B1 in 2018, and there was no significant difference between A3B1 and A2B2 in three years of 2017–2019. The maize yield, WUE and NPFP of A3B2 treatment were the highest in all treatments during 2017-2019, which increased by 20.2-39.6%, 4.8-10.9% and 20.2-39.6%, respectively, compared with the corresponding control (A1B2). From 2017 to 2019, the IUE of maize decreased with the increase of irrigation times, and the A2B2 was the highest in all treatments, increasing by 30.2-91.9 % when compared with A3B2. In addition, the maize yield and NPFP of A2B2 were significantly higher than those of A1B2 during 2017-2019, increasing by 11.3-21.1% and 11.3-21.2%, respectively. 【Conclusion】The A3B2 and A2B2 were the best high yield and high efficiency mode and the best water saving and efficiency mode of maize in northern Henan irrigation area, respectively. |
| Key words: irrigation and nitrogen management; summer maize；yield; water use efficiency; partial factor productivity of nitrogen |
