| 引用本文: | 袁晶晶,齐学斌,赵京,等.生物炭配施沼液对土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| YUAN Jingjing,QI Xuebin,ZHAO Jing,et al.生物炭配施沼液对土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 生物炭配施沼液对土壤团聚体及其有机碳分布的影响 |
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袁晶晶1, 齐学斌2, 赵京3, 李平2, 杜臻杰2, 李开阳2, 王攀峰1
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1.河南省计量科学研究院;2.中国农业科学院 农田灌溉研究所;3.河南工学院 有机固废处理与资源化实验室
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨生物炭与不同浓度沼液施用量对华北平原枣区土壤水稳性团聚体结构及有机碳的影响,为实现生物炭和沼液高效、资源化利用及果园地区合理施肥提供科学依据。【方法】通过3 a(2017-2019)田间定位试验,设置生物炭(12 t/hm2)配施不同沼液配比(沼液：水(体积比)分别为1：6、1：4和1：2),利用湿筛法得到不同粒级的土壤团聚体分布和有机碳含量。【结果】与对照相比,生物炭和沼液配施显著提高了>0.25 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体含量,各施肥处理较对照处理增加13.0%～36.3%；各施肥处理可不同程度地提高土壤团聚体的平均质量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD),增加幅度分别为11.2%～38.7%和11.5%～37.9%,当沼液配比为1：4时,生物炭配施沼液土壤团聚体MWD和GMD值最高；施肥处理各粒级团聚体有机碳含量显著高于对照,生物炭和沼液配施的效果要优于单施生物炭和沼液处理。土壤团聚体有机碳含量与>0.25 mm粒级的团聚体含量、团聚体MWD 和GMD值之间均呈极显著正相关关系。同时,各施肥处理降低了土壤容重,最大降幅为6.7%。【结论】从提高土壤质量和资源高效利用方面考虑,12 t/hm2的生物炭,配施1：4沼液对该地区效果最佳。综合分析认为,添加生物炭和猪场沼液对土壤大团聚体的形成、提高土壤团聚体稳定性、改善土壤结构有积极作用。 |
| 关键词: 生物炭;猪场沼液;土壤水稳性团聚体;有机碳;资源化利用 |
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| 分类号:S152.4 |
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| Effects of biochar and biogas slurry on stability and organic carbon distribution of soil aggregates |
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YUAN Jingjing1, QI Xuebin2, ZHAO Jing3, LI Ping2, DU Zhenjie2, LI Kaiyang2, WANG Panfeng1
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1.Henan Institute of Metrology;2.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science;3.Laboratory of Organic Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Utilization,Henan Institute of Technology
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Biogas slurry (BS) as an environment friendly amendment, which contains easily-available nutrients, e.g., considerable amounts of both macro (N, P, K) and micronutrients (Ca, Mg) that is generated via the anaerobic fermentation of various biomass wastes, has received increasing attention due to its potential in waste reuse. As secondary biomass, are often used to be more suitable than chemical fertilizer toward maintaining the sustainability of agricultural soils, but its production exceeds the acceptable capacity of local farmland in some agricultural regions. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new technologies for safe, ecofriendly and resourceful utilization of this biomass. Biochar is a stable carbon-rich material, which also serving as renewable energy resources to counteract environmental issues, however, the impacts of two representative organic soil amendments on agricultural soils remain ambiguous, specifically in soil aggregate stability. 【Objective】The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of combined application of biochar and pig manure biogas slurry on the distribution and stability of soil water-stable aggregates and organic carbon base on a three years’ consecutive field experiment in the North China Plain.【Method】This fertilization involved 8 treatments: CK (no fertilizer); biochar (B); 3 level of pig manure biogas slurry ratios (1:6, 1:4 and 1:2 of biogas slurry: water, volume ratio, respectively, namely BS1-BS3:); B+BS1; B+BS2 and B+BS3. All samples were separated into 5 aggregate-size classes (>5 mm, 2～5 mm, 1～2 mm, 0.25～1 mm and >0.25 mm) by wet sieving. 【Result】The results showed that compared with the control, biochar, combined application of biochar and biogas slurry (BS) significantly improved the proportions of >0.25 mm water-stable macro-aggregates, all fertilizations were increased by 13.0%～36.3%. The values of mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) under wet sieving in all fertilizations were higher than that in the control, with increase of 11.2%～38.7% in MWD and 11.2%～38.7% in GMD, respectively. When biogas slurry ratio was at 1:4, biochar combined with biogas slurry had the highest value of MWD and GMD. Meanwhile, biochar and biogas slurry amendments significantly increased soil organic carbon content in different size aggregates, which is beneficial to enrich the soil quality prior to other fertilizations in this experiment. Significant positive correlations were observed among the content of organic carbon in different size aggregates, macro-aggregates (>0.25 mm), MWD and GMD according to the correlation analysis (P<0.01). In addition, statistically significant decreases in soil bulk density, with the highest decrease of 6.7% in B+BS3 treatment. 【Conclusion】The optimum application rates were 12 t/hm2 for biochar, and 1:4 of biogas slurry based on the potential economic and environmental values. Taking into account the above-mentioned findings, we can draw the conclusion that the application of biochar and pig manure biogas slurry has significantly positive effects on soil aggregates stability, which generally augments soil structure and reduce disposal costs, providing a low-cost and high value-added method for soil remediation and recycling liquid wastes. |
| Key words: biochar; pig manure biogas slurry; soil water-stable aggregate; soil organic carbon; resource utilization |
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