| 引用本文: | 李叶鑫,吕 刚,宁宝宽,等.煤矿复垦排土场裂缝区土壤团聚体分布及稳定性[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| LI Yexin,LV Gang,NING Baokuan,et al.煤矿复垦排土场裂缝区土壤团聚体分布及稳定性[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 煤矿复垦排土场裂缝区土壤团聚体分布及稳定性 |
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李叶鑫1, 吕 刚2, 宁宝宽1, 陈四利1, 王道涵2
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1.沈阳工业大学建筑与土木工程学院;2.辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示排土场土壤团聚体分布特征。【方法】 在北方草原区露天煤矿复垦排土场选取典型复垦样地，调查土体裂缝（GF）发育特征，采用干筛法和湿筛法测定不同土体裂缝（GF）区土壤团聚体组成与分布特征，分析团聚体稳定性及其与土体裂缝的关系。【结果】各个土体裂缝>0.25 mm风干土团聚体量为23.02%~42.70%，水稳性团聚体量为16.9%~29.52%，表现为各裂缝之间无显著差异，GFⅠ、GFⅡ、GFⅢ 0~60 cm土层>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体量依次为25.26%、26.57%、23.62%； 3个裂缝土壤团聚体结构破坏率分别为20.77%~36.17%、20.52%~25.00%、26.58%~40.56%，GFⅢ显著大于GFⅠ和GFⅡ；0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~50、50~60 cm土壤团聚体结构破坏率依次为28.81%、29.96%、26.19%、23.50%、24.91%、29.38%；3个裂缝土壤风干土团聚体分形维数为2.847~2.919，土壤水稳性团聚体分形维数为2.898~2.942，团聚体以小团聚体或细小颗粒为主；3个裂缝风干土团聚体的平均重量直径（MWD）和几何平均直径（GWD）依次为1.11、1.05、1.28 mm和0.45、0.44、0.49 mm，水稳性团聚体的MWD和GMD依次为0.67、0.73、0.72 mm和0.36、0.38、0.37 mm，GFⅡ土壤具有较好的土壤结构和土壤稳定性，土壤抗侵蚀能力较强；大部分土层土壤水稳性团聚体处于不稳定水平，这与裂缝的形成与发育有关。【结论】土体裂缝的形成与发育会降低土壤团聚体稳定性，导致团聚体分散成为颗粒较小的团聚体及颗粒，且裂缝宽度越大、裂缝发育越明显，对团聚体稳定性影响越显著。 |
| 关键词: 排土场;土壤团聚体;土体裂缝;团聚体稳定性;分形 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S157 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划资助项目（2017YFC1503105）；辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC2007046)；辽宁工程技术大学双一流学科创新团队建设资助项目( LNTU20TD-24) |
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| Distribution and Stability of Soil Aggregates at Ground Fissure in a Coal Mine Reclamation Dump |
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LI Yexin1, LV Gang2, NING Baokuan1, CHEN Sili1, WANG Daohan2
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1.School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology;2.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Reveal the distribution characteristics of soil aggregates. 【Method】In this paper, typical reclamation sample plots were selected at the surface coal mine reclamation dump in northern grassland of China, the development characteristics of ground fissures (GF) was investigated, the composition and distribution charateristics of soil aggregates with different ground fissures (GF) was determined by dry and wet sieve methods, and the soil aggregate stability and their relationship with ground fissures were analyzed. 【Results】The content of >0.25 mm air-dried soil aggregates among the fissures was 23.02%-42.70%, and which of >0.25 mm water-stable soil aggregates was 16.9%-29.52%. There was no significant difference in the aggregates of air-dried and water-stable soil aggregates. The content of >0.25 mm water-stable soil aggregates in 0-60 cm soil layer with GFⅠ、GFⅡ、GFⅢ was 25.26%, 26.57%, 23.62%. The percentage of aggregate destruction in three fissures was 20.77%-36.17%, 20.52%-25.00%, and 26.58%-40.56%, respectively, and GFⅢ was significantly higher than GFⅠ and GFⅡ. The percentage of aggregate destruction with 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, and 50-60 cm was 28.81%, 29.96%, 26.19%, 23.50%, 24.91%, and 29.38%, respectively. The fractal dimensions of air-dried and water-stable soil aggregates were 2.847-2.919 and 2.898-2.942, respectively, and aggregates were mainly small aggregates or fine particles. The soil aggregate mean mass diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of air-dried soil aggregates in three fissures was 1.11, 1.05, 1.28 mm and 0.45, 0.44, 0.49 mm, respectively, and which of the water-stable soil aggregates was 0.67, 0.73, 0.72 mm and 0.36, 0.38, 0.37 mm, respectively. GF Ⅱ has good soil structure and stability, and strong anti erosion ability. Most of water-stable soil aggregates were in the unstable level, which was related to the formation and development of ground fissures. 【Conclusion】The formation and development of ground fissures would reduce the stability of soil aggregates, resulting in the dispersion of aggregates into smaller aggregates and fine particles. The larger the width and the more obvious of ground fissures, the more significant the influence on the soil aggregate stability. |
| Key words: dump; soil aggregate; ground fissure; soil aggregate stability; fractal |
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