| 引用本文: | 颜 俊,孙美丽,卢姿竹,等.灌溉方式对设施番茄蒸腾量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| YAN Jun,SUN Meili,LU Zizhu,et al.灌溉方式对设施番茄蒸腾量和水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为了探究高频滴灌在设施番茄生理节水方面的效果。【方法】通过盆栽试验，研究了传统漫灌（CFI）和高频滴灌（HDI）对设施番茄蒸腾量和水分利用效率的影响及机制。测定并计算了番茄生物量、叶面积、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶片δ13C、蒸腾量、水分利用效率等指标。【结果】（1）整个生育期内，高频滴灌的灌溉次数为44次，是传统漫灌的3.4倍，灌溉量仅为漫灌的71.0%，而两处理的果实和茎叶干重，差异均不显著（p>0.05）。（2）高频滴灌处理番茄蒸腾量平均为28.95 L·株-1，比传统漫灌处理显著降低了24.6%。（3）高频滴灌处理的灌溉水利用效率（生物量/灌溉量）和水分生理利用效率（生物量/蒸腾量）较传统漫灌分别显著增加21.2%和14.2%（p<0.05）。（4）与传统漫灌相比，高频滴灌处理显著降低了番茄叶面积、气孔导度和蒸腾速率，降幅分别为32.6%、69.8%、54.3%，显著增加了叶片δ13C值（p<0.05）。【结论】高频滴灌不仅可以减少灌溉量，提高灌溉水利用效率，而且可使植株处于一定的水分亏缺状态，降低叶面积、气孔导度和蒸腾速率，进而显著减少蒸腾耗水量，提高番茄水分生理利用效率，实现生理节水。 |
| 关键词: 设施番茄；灌溉方式；蒸腾耗水；水分利用效率；气孔导度 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S626.5 |
| 基金项目:青岛农业大学高层次人才科研(663/1120107)；山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106015) |
|
| Effects of irrigation methods on transpiration and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato |
|
YAN Jun, SUN Meili, LU Zizhu, KONG Lingwei, WANG Weixuan, ZHOU Weiwei, LIANG Bin, LI Junliang, LV Haofeng
|
|
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In order to explore the effect of high frequency drip irrigation on physiological water saving of greenhouse tomato.【Method】Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects and mechanism of conventional flooding irrigation (CFI) and high-frequency drip irrigation (HDI) on transpiration and water use efficiency of greenhouse tomato. The biomass, leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, leaf δ13C , transpiration, water use efficiency were measured and calculated. 【Result】(1) In the whole growth period, the irrigation times of HDI was 44 times, which was 3.4 times higher than that of CFI, and the irrigation amount was only 71.0% of that of CFI, but there was no significant difference in fruit, stem and leaf dry weight between the two treatments. (2) The average transpiration of tomato under HDI was 28.95 L·plant-1, which was significantly (p>0.05) lower than that under CFI by 24.6%. (3) The irrigation water use efficiency (biomass/irrigation) and water physiological use efficiency (biomass/transpiration) of HDI were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of CFI by 21.2% and 14.2%, respectively. (4) Compared with CFI, HDI significantly (p<0.05) reduced tomato leaf area, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate by 32.6%, 69.8% and 54.3%, respectively, and significantly increased δ13C value.【Conclusion】HDI can not only reduce irrigation volume and improve irrigation water use efficiency, but also make the plant in a certain state of water deficit. By reducing leaf area, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, it can significantly reduce transpiration water consumption, improve tomato water physiological utilization efficiency and realize physiological water saving. |
| Key words: Greenhouse tomato; Irrigation methods; Transpiration water consumption; Water use efficiency; Stomatal conductance |
