| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探索具有水流平顺、流态稳定、测流准确、水头损失小等优良特性的量水槽线形。【方法】研究针对基于水下装备流线型体构造的量水槽，选取4种体形，运用数值模拟方法，研究不同体形量水槽在不同流量条件下的流速分布、水面线、佛汝德数、水头损失、壅水高度等水力性能。【结果】研究发现流线型体扩散段较陡时，仿舵型量水槽的壅水高度和水头损失也相对较小。不同流量条件下，4种体形量水槽的上游佛汝德数皆小于0.5；壅水高度皆低于3 cm；公式计算流量与模拟实测流量平均误差不超过2.42%，测流精度较高；且都具有较小的水头损失。【结论】本研究中卡克斯仿舵型量水槽在各流量条件下的水面线都较为平稳且流速分布更加均匀，同时在不同流量条件下其水头损失皆小于0.35 cm，测流精度大于98.27%，水力性能最优，可作为构造仿舵型量水槽的基本体形。 |
| 关键词: 矩形渠道;仿舵形量水槽;数值模拟;流线型体 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.4 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900701) |
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| Study on Shape Simulation of Rudder-like Measuring Flume |
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Wei Li1,2, Xinyan Zhang1,2
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1.School of Water Conservancy and Construction Engineering,Northwest A&2.F University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】In order to explore the alignment of measuring flume with smooth flow, stable flow pattern, accurate flow measurement and small head loss, the measuring flume based on streamline structure of underwater equipment is studied.【Method】In this paper, four flumes with different streamline shapes were selected and the numerical simulation method was used to study the hydraulic performance with different flow rates, including velocity distribution, water surface profile, Froude number, head loss and backwater height.【Result】It is found that the backwater height of the flume and the head loss are smaller when the diffusion is steeper. The results show that the upstream Froude numbers of the four flumes are less than 0.5 with different flow rates. Backwater heights are all less than 3 cm; The average error between the calculated flow rate and the simulated flow rate is less than 2.42%, indicating that the flow measurement accuracy is high. And have small head loss.【Conclusion】In this study, the water surface profile of the KKS type flume is relatively stable and the velocity distribution is more uniform with different flow rates. And, the head loss is less than 0.35 cm, the flow measurement accuracy is more than 98.27%, and the hydraulic performance is the best. So it can be used as the basic shape of the rudder-like flume. |
| Key words: Rectangular channel; Rudder-like measuring flume; Numerical simulation; Streamline shape. |
