| 引用本文: | 孙齐状,王龙,赵鹏,等.不同磷效率品种小麦对镉和铅吸收和积累的差异分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| sunqihzunag,wanglong,zhaopeng,et al.不同磷效率品种小麦对镉和铅吸收和积累的差异分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确不同磷效率小麦品种对磷（P）、镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）吸收、转运和积累的差异及其相互关系。【方法】室内培养下，开展不同物质的量浓度的P、Cd、Pb单因素试验，分析不同磷效率小麦品种对P、Cd和Pb的吸收、转运特性及其相互关系；大田环境条件下，在Cd、Pb中度污染区进行随机区组试验，验证不同磷效率小麦品种对P、Cd和Pb的积累差异。【结果】磷高效小麦品种（HP）根系的平均含P量为7.69 mg/g，显著低于磷低效品种（LP）的8.36 mg/g（P<0.05），而HP品种地上部的平均含P量为9.73 mg/g，显著高于LP的8.19 mg/g（P<0.05），同时HP品种的P转运系数为1.45，显著高于LP品种的1.19（P<0.05）。不同磷效率小麦根系和地上部对Cd和Pb吸收动力学特征都符合米氏方程（R2>0.94），其最大吸收速率（Vmax）在品种间存在显著差异（P<0.05）。HP品种根系对Cd、Pb的Vmax分别为23.9 μg/g/d和411 μg/g/d，极显著低于LP品种的80.0 μg/g/d和835 μg/g/d（P<0.01），而HP品种地上部对Cd、Pb的Vmax最大（分别为6.42、212 μg/(g·d)-1），LP品种的Vmax最小（分别为2.96 μg/g/d、80.0 μg/g/d）。相关性分析表明，Cd和Pb转运系数与根系含P量均呈极显著负相关（r分别为-0.638和-0.714，P<0.01），而Cd转运系数与P转运系数呈极显著正相关（r=0.671，P<0.01），Pb转运系数与P转运系数无显著正相关（r=0.391，P>0.05），说明根系含P量的增加有助于降低Cd、Pb向地上部的转运，同时，P转运的增加不能有效增加Pb向地上部的转运，却能显著促进Cd的转运。【结论】磷低效品种根系对P、Cd和Pb的吸收量大，但转运量小；而磷高效品种对P、Cd和Pb的吸收量少，但转运量大，表明在Cd、Pb安全利用类土壤更适宜种植磷低效小麦品种。 |
| 关键词: 磷效率；小麦；镉；铅；吸收特性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S512.1+1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金(42007103)，河南省科技攻关项目（222102110048），河南农业大学科技创新基金(KJCX2020A18)，中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/中国农科院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室(FIRI202003-0101) ，河南省大学生创新创业训练计划(202110466029)， |
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| Differential Analysis in the Uptake and Accumulation of Cadmium and Lead by Wheat Varieties with Different Phosphorus Efficiency |
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sunqihzunag1, wanglong2, zhaopeng1, huangshaomin3, xiaoyatao4, suifuqin1, qinshiyu1
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1.Henan Agricultural University;2.Henan Agricultural University,;3.Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences;4.Institute of Farmland Irrigation of CAAS
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To determine the differences in the uptake, translocation and accumulation of phosphorus (P), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) and their interrelationships by different P efficiency wheat varieties.【Method】A single-factor experiment of P, Cd and Pb was set up under indoor culture to analyze the uptake and translocation characteristics and their interrelationships by different phosphorus efficiency wheat varieties. Secondly, a randomized group experiment was conducted under field conditions in the moderately polluted area of Cd and Pb to further verify the differences in the accumulation of P, Cd and Pb by these wheat varieties.【Result】The average P content in the roots of HP varieties was 7.69 mg/g, significantly lower than that of LP varieties, which was 8.36 mg/g (P<0.05), while the average P content in the shoots of HP varieties was 9.73 mg/g, significantly higher than 8.19 mg/g (P<0.05) of the LP varieties, and the P transport coefficient of HP varieties was 1.45, significantly higher than that of the LP variety at 1.19 (P<0.05). The kinetic characteristics of Cd and Pb uptake by roots and shoots were well in accordance with Michaelis-Menten equation (R2>0.94), and their maximum absorption rates (Vmax) were significantly different among varieties (P<0.05). The Vmax of the HP variety roots for Cd and Pb was 23.9 μg/g/d and 411 μg/g/d, which was very significantly lower than that of the LP variety with 80.0 μg/g/d and 835 μg/g/d (P<0.01), while the Vmax of Cd and Pb in the shoots was largest for HP varieties (6.42 μg/g/d and 212 μg/g/d, respectively) and lowest for LP varieties (2.96 μg/g/d, 80.0 μg/g/d, respectively). Correlation analysis showed that both Cd and Pb transport coefficients were highly significantly negatively correlated with root P content (r=-0.638 and -0.714, respectively, P<0.01), while Cd transport coefficient was highly significantly positively correlated with P transport coefficient (r=0.671, P<0.01) and Pb transport coefficient was positively correlated with P transport coefficient but did not reach a significant level (r=0.391, P>0.05). It indicated that the increase of root P content helps to reduce the translocation of Cd and Pb to the shoot, while the increase in the translocation coefficient of P does not promote the translocation of Pb to the shoot, but significantly promotes the translocation of Cd.【Conclusion】The roots of LP varieties showed high uptake but low translocation of P, Cd and Pb, while HP varieties showed low uptake but high translocation of P, Cd and Pb. This suggests that LP varieties are more suitable for growing in soils with safe utilization levels of Cd and Pb. |
| Key words: phosphorus efficiency; wheat; cadmium; lead; uptake characteristics |
