| 引用本文: | 张新民,高雅玉,李泽霞,等.不同休闲期农田管理措施下季节性冻融对土壤团聚体的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-. |
| ZHANG Xin-min,GAO Ya-yu,Li Ze-xia,et al.不同休闲期农田管理措施下季节性冻融对土壤团聚体的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为了评价我国西北地区季节性冻融对农田土壤物理性质的影响,【方法】选择石羊河流域民勤灌区小麦地、玉米地为典型,设计不同休闲期耕作措施和有无冬季储水灌溉处理,开展了冬季季节性冻融过程对土壤团粒结构影响研究,观测了冻融前后不同土层深度土壤机械稳定性团聚体、水稳性团聚体的粒径分配,分析了不同田间管理措施及储水灌溉措施条件下冻融对土壤机械稳定性大团聚体含量、水稳性大团聚体含量的影响和平均重量直径变化。【结果】结果表明：冬季季节性冻融可使耕层土壤机械稳定性大团聚体含量显著增加,平均重量直径MWD变大,水稳性大团聚体含量显著降低,平均重量直径MWD变小；秋耕能增大壤机械稳定性大团聚体含量及其平均重量直径MWD、水稳性团聚体的含量和平均重量直径MWD,但影响在土壤冻结前基本消除,对土冻结融过程不产生显著影响；冬季储水灌溉对机械稳定性大团聚体含量及其平均重量直径MWD的影响无规律可循,但可增大水稳性大团聚体含量及其平均重量直径MWD的降幅。【结论】冬季季节性冻融对试验区土壤大团聚体有破碎作用,显著降低了水稳性团聚体含量,灌水使这种破碎作用加剧,秋耕有增加大团聚体含量和增大粒径的作用,但影响随着冻融期结束而消失。 |
| 关键词: 农田休闲期;田间管理措施;机械稳定性团聚体;水稳性团聚体;季节性冻融 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S125.7 |
| 基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划“干旱绿洲区农田储水灌溉作用机理评价与节水型储水灌溉技术研究”(18YF1NA031)；甘肃省重点人才计划(甘组通字[2019]39号)；甘肃省省级水资源费项目(甘水资源发[2021]105号)。 |
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| Effects of seasonal freeze-thaw on soil aggregates under different farmland management measures during fallow periods |
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ZHANG Xin-min1, GAO Ya-yu2, Li Ze-xia3, ZHANG Li-ping3, QI Huai-ping3
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1.Gansu Research Institute for Water Conservancy;2.College of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou Univ of Tech;3.Gansu Institute of Soil Water Conservation Sciences,Lanzhou
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 In order to evaluate the impact of seasonal freeze-thaw on the physical properties of farmland soil in Northwest my country, the wheat field and corn field in the Minqin irrigation area of Shiyang River Basin were selected as typical examples.【Methods】Different cultivation measures during the fallow period and winter storage irrigation treatment were designed. The study on the influence of the seasonal freeze-thaw process in winter on the soil aggregate structure were carried out. The particle size distribution of soil mechanically stable aggregates and water stable aggregates at different soil depths before and after freeze-thaw were observed. The effects of freeze-thaw on soil mechanical stability macroaggregate content, water stability macroaggregate content and average weight diameter changes under different field management measures and storage irrigation measures were analyzed. 【Results】The results show that seasonal freeze-thaw in winter can significantly increase the content of large aggregates in the soil mechanical stability of the plow layer, increase the average weight diameter MWD, significantly reduce the content of water stable large aggregates, and decrease the average weight diameter MWD. Autumn farming energy can increase the soil mechanical stability of large aggregate content and its average weight diameter MWD, water stable aggregate content and average weight diameter MWD, but the effect was basically eliminated before the soil freezes, and did not have a significant impact on the soil freeze-thaw process. The influence of storage irrigation in winter on the mechanical stability of large aggregates and its average weight diameter MWD was irregular, but it can increase the water-stable large aggregate content and the decrease of its average weight diameter MWD. 【Conclusion】Seasonal freeze-thaw in winter has a crushing effect on the soil large aggregates, which significantly reduces the content of water-stable aggregates, and irrigation aggravates this crushing effect. Autumn plowing has the effect of increasing the content of large aggregates and increasing the particle size, but the impact disappeared with the end of the freeze-thaw period. |
| Key words: Fallow period of farmland; Field management measures; Mechanically stable aggregates; Water stable aggregates; Seasonal freeze-thaw |
