| 引用本文: | 宁松瑞,颜 安,柳维扬.膜下滴灌棉花地上干物质积累与分配特征的模拟与分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(10):-. |
| NING Songrui,YAN An,LIU Weiyang.膜下滴灌棉花地上干物质积累与分配特征的模拟与分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(10):-. |
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| 膜下滴灌棉花地上干物质积累与分配特征的模拟与分析 |
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宁松瑞,颜 安,柳维扬
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1.西安理工大学 省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室;2.新疆农业大学 草业与环境科学学院;3.塔里木大学 农学院
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】定量分析膜下滴灌棉花干物质积累与分配动态特征,可为棉花高产栽培提供依据。【方法】在南疆盐碱棉田设7个追肥处理：CK(0:0:0,N:P2O5:K2O),A(1:1:1),B(1:0.25:1.25),C(1:0.4:0.27),D(1:0.23:0.20),E(1:0.34:0.23)和F(1:0.17:0),分析各处理棉花地上干物质积累及各器官(叶、茎、蕾铃)分配动态,建立棉花相对干物质积累及各器官分配动态模型,量化棉花地上干物质积累及分配动态特征。【结果】随生长时间延长,棉花地上干物质积累均先增后降,叶分配指数先增后降,茎分配指数呈下降趋势,蕾铃分配指数呈增加趋势。筛选、建立了基于相对生长时间(x)的膜下滴灌棉花干物质积累动态模型RY = a/(1+exp(bx+c))和各器官分配动态模型RC = (d+ex)/(1+fx+gx2)并确定了各模型的参数值。文献数据检验表明本文提出的膜下滴灌棉花地上干物质积累动态模型和各器官分配动态模型及其参数的普适性及模拟精度均较高。利用膜下滴灌棉花地上干物质积累动态模型分析各处理的棉花干物质积累特征参数可知,与CK相比,A、B、C、D、E 和 F 处理的地上干物质积累最大速率增加11.21%、11.32%、13.22%、4.22%、14.30%和10.05%,各处理干物质积累时间减少4.98%、3.09%、3.66%、2.07%、4.97%和3.85%。棉花产量、肥料效率与其生长特征参数关系密切。【结论】E处理的追肥配比利于盐胁迫膜下滴灌棉花干物质的积累与器官干物质的合理分配。 |
| 关键词: 棉花;归一化方法;干物质积累;生长模拟;肥料效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S561; S517 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学(42007008,32160527,41830754),兵团重大科技项目(2021AA003-2),新疆自治区重大专项(2020A01003-3),兵团财政科技计划资助(2021DB015) |
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| Simulation and Analysis of the Aboveground Dry Material Accumulation and Distribution Characteristics of Cotton under Film Mulched Drip Irrigation |
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NING Songrui1,2,3,2,4,5,6,5,7,5, YAN An6, LIU Weiyang7
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1.State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi'2.'3.an University of Technology,Xi'4.an;5.China;6.College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University;7.College of Agriculture,Tarim University
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| Abstract: |
| Quantitative simulation of the accumulation and distribution characteristics of cotton dry material under film mulched drip irrigation can provide a basis for high-yield cotton cultivation. Seven topdressing treatments in saline-alkali cotton fields in southern Xinjiang as: CK (0:0:0, N:P2O5:K2O), A (1:1:1), B (1:0.25:1.25), C (1:0.4:0.27), D (1:0.23:0.20), E (1:0.34:0.23) and F (1:0.17:0). In this study, the influence of each treatment on the accumulation and distribution of dry material of each organ (leaf, stem, bud bell) was analyzed, the dynamic models of relative dry material accumulation and organ distribution of cotton were established, and quantified the dynamic characteristics of the accumulation and distribution of cotton dry material. With the extension of growth time, the accumulation of dry material in each treated cotton group increased first and then decreased, the leaf distribution index increased first and then decreased, the stem distribution index was decreasing, and the bud and bell distribution index showed an increasing trend. Based on relative growth time (x), the dynamic model of dry material accumulation RY = a/(1+exp(bx+c)) and the dynamic model of each organ allocation RC = (d+ex)/(1+fx+gx2) with the parameter values were determined. The literature data validation showed that the models of dry material accumulation and organ distribution with its parameters all have higher universality and simulation accuracy. The parameters of dry material accumulation by using the dynamic model of cotton dry material accumulation was analyzed. Compared with CK treatment, the maximum rates of dry material accumulation with A, B, C, D, E and F treatments were increased by 11.21%, 11.32%, 13.22%, 4.22%, 14.30% and 10.05%, and the time of dry material accumulation with A, B, C, D, E and F treatments were decreased by 4.98%, 3.09%, 3.66%, 2.07%, 4.97%, and 3.85%. Cotton yield and utilization efficiency of fertilizer were closely related to the growth characteristic parameters of dry matter accumulation process. E treatment was the beneficial to the accumulation of cotton dry material under membrane drip irrigation and the reasonable distribution of organ dry material. |
| Key words: Cotton; normalized method; dry material accumulation; growth model; fertilizer efficiency |
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