| 引用本文: | 何坤,魏正英,陈雪丽,等.温度与压力对水肥一体化滴灌灌水器堵塞影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| hekun,weizhengying,chenxueli,et al.温度与压力对水肥一体化滴灌灌水器堵塞影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 温度与压力对水肥一体化滴灌灌水器堵塞影响研究 |
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何坤,魏正英,陈雪丽,等
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西安交通大学 机械学院
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探究在水肥一体化灌溉过程中,温度对灌水器堵塞的影响。【方法】以市场常用的内镶贴片式齿形流道灌水器为研究对象,采用了4个温度梯度(15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃),2个工作压力(低压50kPa、常压100kPa),进行短周期间歇灌溉堵塞试验,并在试验后用场发射扫描电镜对堵塞物质的结构和组成成分进行分析。【结果】试验结果表明：磷酸二铵加速堵塞效果明显,灌溉结束后灌水器平均相对流量下降到15.03%~34.02%；温度从15℃升高到30℃,平均相对流量的下降速率减小,灌水结束后低压下平均相对流量提高18.55%,常压下平均相对流量提高14.88%。温度并不影响堵塞物质的主要组成成分,其主要为磷酸盐沉淀,但温度提高,絮凝现象减弱,堵塞物质表面的复杂程度减小。灌水器中堵塞位置主要集中在过渡区、流道首部和流道尾部,占比分别为29.75%、22.31%、22.31%,改变温度并不影响其堵塞位置的分布。【结论】提高肥液温度可在一定程度上缓解灌水器的堵塞。 |
| 关键词: 温度;施肥;灌溉;灌水器;堵塞 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6 |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目 |
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| Investigation on the Effect of Eemperature and Pressure on the Clogging of Emitters with Integrated Water and Fertilizer Drip Irrigation |
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hekun1,2,3, weizhengying1,2,3, chenxueli1,2,3, weicaixiang1,2,3
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1.Xi'2.'3.an Jiaotong University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Compared with the traditional irrigation and fertilization mode, water-fertilizer integrated drip irrigation has the advantages of even fertilization, water saving and fertilizer saving, and precise control. As the key equipment of drip irrigation system, the clogging problem of emitter has been restricting the promotion of the integration of water and fertilizer. There are many factors affecting the clogging of the emitter, but there is little research on the irrigation water temperature.【Objective】To investigate the influence of temperature on the blockage of emitter in the process of water-fertilizer integrated irrigation. Inquire the effects of different irrigation water temperature under low -pressure and normal pressure conditions on the integrated water and fertilizer of water and fertilizer on the emitters, and provide a certain basis for irrigation fertilization mode in different regions and seasons.【Method】To market the commonly used a plain channel emitteris as the research object，short-cycle intermittent irrigation clogging test was carried out with four temperature gradients (15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃) and two working pressures (low pressure 50 kPa, normal pressure 100 kPa). The type of experimental fertilizer uses common ammonium phosphates in large fields, and experimental water uses water quality residents with good water quality. After each experiment, the average relative relative flow of the emitters is recorded. After the experiment, the structure and composition of the clogging material were analyzed by sem. And, disassemble the drip irrigation band, observe and record the blocking position of the blocking substance in the emitters.【Results】The test results showed that diammonium-phosphate had a significant effect on accelerating clogging, and the average relative flow of the emittersirrigator decreased to 15.03%~34.02% after the irrigation. The increase in temperature can increase the average relative flow, and the degree of increased at low pressure conditions is larger than under normal pressure conditions. When the temperature rises from 15℃ to 30℃, the decline rate of the average relative flow decreases. After the irrigation, the average relative flow increases by 18.55% under low pressure and 14.88% under normal pressure. Temperature does not affect the main components of the clogging material, which is mainly phosphate precipitation. Its blockage mechanism is the physical blockage of flocculation and the replacement of ions for the formation of flocculation and the replacement. However, with the increase of temperature, the flocculation phenomenon weakens and the complexity of the plugging material surface decreases. In the emitter, the blockage location is mainly concentrated in the transition zone, the channel head and the tail of the channel, accounting for 29.75%, 22.31% and 22.31%, respectively. Changing the temperature does not affect the distribution of the blockage location. Therefore, it is recommended to optimize the structure of the transition zone, the Channel head, and the tail of channel to alleviate the blockage of the irrigation device.【Conclusion】Under different pressure conditions, iIncreasing the temperature of fertilizer solution can relieve the blockage of irrigator emitters to a certain extent. |
| Key words: Temperature; Fertilization; Irrigation; Emitter; Blockage |
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