| 引用本文: | 刘亚南,白美健,李益农,等.黄金梨树氮素营养状况对不同水氮用量的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| liuyanan,baimeijian,liyinong,et al.黄金梨树氮素营养状况对不同水氮用量的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究黄金梨树氮吸收对水氮耦合方案的响应规律。【方法】采用田间梨树水氮耦合试验和室内实验相结合的方法，田间试验设定灌水下限和施氮量两个因素，每个因素设定三个水平，即灌水下限：高水（HW：75%Fc）、中水（MW：65%Fc）和低水（LW：55%Fc）（Fc：田间持水率（体积含水率））；施氮量：高氮（HF：486 kg/hm2）、中氮（MF：324 kg/hm2）、低氮（LF：162 kg/hm2），正交设定9个试验方案，对照方案为园区常规管理（CK）。测定了果实膨大期和成熟期9个水氮耦合方案和1个对照（CK）方案下梨树春梢、叶片和果实全氮含量。【结果】果实膨大期时，中水中肥（MWMF）下梨树春梢和叶片全氮含量最高，较CK分别提高了26.20%和8.66%；灌水下限对春梢全氮含量影响差异不显著，施氮量和水氮耦合作用对春梢全氮含量提高差异显著；灌水下限、施氮量及水氮耦合作用对叶片全氮含量提升差异不显著。成熟期时，中水中肥（MWMF）下梨树春梢全氮含量最高为0.74 g/kg，高水中肥（HWMF）下春梢全氮含量最低，为0.54 g/kg；高水中肥（HWMF）下梨树叶片全氮含量最高为1.83 g/kg，高水低肥（HWLF）下含量最低为1.70 g/kg；水氮耦合方案下果实全氮含量较CK显著提高，其中，低水高肥（LWHF）下果实全氮含量最高，为0.82 g/kg，较CK提高了52.70%；灌水下限和水氮耦合作用对春梢全氮含量的影响差异不显著，施氮量对春梢全氮含量影响差异显著；灌水下限、施氮量和耦合作用对叶片全氮含量差异不显著；灌水下限、施氮量和耦合作用对果实全氮含量影响差异显著。两个时期内，梨树春梢和叶片全氮含量均有：叶片＞春梢。相关分析结果表明，梨树春梢、叶片和果实等三个器官全氮含量相关性不显著，春梢全氮含量与果实全氮含量呈弱正相关，叶片全氮含量与春梢和果实全氮含量呈弱负相关。【结论】不同时期三个器官对水氮耦合方案响应规律不一，适宜的水氮耦合方案能促进各器官对氮的吸收，各器官全氮含量相关性不显著。考虑梨树生长与生产和采收后生长分化，推荐灌水下限为65%Fc，施氮量为300 ~ 350 kg/hm2。 |
| 关键词: 水氮耦合；黄金梨；春梢全氮；叶片全氮；果实全氮；相关分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S274.1 S143 |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）,国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| Response of nitrogen nutrition status of golden pear trees to different water and nitrogen dosages |
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liuyanan1,2, baimeijian1, liyinong1, zhangbaozhong1, shiyuan1, wuxianbing3, shilicheng1
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1.China institute of water resource and Hydropower research;2.CAU;3.Hebei Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Pear trees are the main fruit trees planted in China, and the dosages of water and fertilizer affects the nutrient content of various organs of pear trees.【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the response law of nitrogen uptake by golden pear trees to the water-nitrogen coupling scheme.【Methods】The method of combining water and nitrogen coupling experiment of pear tree in the field and laboratory experiment was adopted. In the field experiment, two factors, the irrigation water limit and nitrogen application rate, were set, and three levels were set for each factor. 【Result】In the fruit expansion stage, the total nitrogen content of spring shoots and leaves of pear trees under reclaimed water fertilizer was the highest, which was 26.20% and 8.66% higher than that of CK, respectively. There were significant differences in the increase of total nitrogen content in spring shoots by nitrogen application rate and water-nitrogen coupling effect; however, there was no significant difference in the increase of leaf total nitrogen content by irrigation water lower limit, nitrogen application rate and water-nitrogen coupling effect. At the maturity stage, the total nitrogen content of spring shoots of pear trees under medium water fertilizer was the highest at 0.74 g/kg, and the total nitrogen content of spring shoots under high water fertilizer was the lowest, which was 0.54 g/kg. The total nitrogen content of pear leaves under high water and low fertilizer was the highest at 1.83 g/kg, and the lowest content was 1.70 g/kg under high water and low fertilizer. The total nitrogen content of fruit under high water and fertilizer was the highest, which was 0.82 g/kg, which was 52.70% higher than that of CK; the effect of irrigation water limit and the coupling effect of water and nitrogen on the total nitrogen content of spring shoots was not significantly different. The effect of total nitrogen content in shoots was significantly different; the irrigation water limit, nitrogen application rate and coupling effect had no significant difference on leaf total nitrogen content; the effect of irrigation water limit, nitrogen application rate and coupling effect on fruit total nitrogen content was significantly different. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the total nitrogen content of spring shoots, leaves and fruits of pear trees, the total nitrogen content of spring shoots was weakly positively correlated with the total nitrogen content of fruit, and the total nitrogen content of leaves was significantly correlated with the total nitrogen content of spring shoots and fruit. Nitrogen content showed a weak negative correlation. 【Conclusion】Considering the growth and differentiation of pear tree growth and production and post-harvest, the recommended irrigation water limit is 65% Fc, and the nitrogen application rate is 300 ~ 350 kg/hm2. |
| Key words: water and nitrogen coupling; golden pear; spring shoot total nitrogen; leaf total nitrogen; fruit total nitrogen; correlation |
