| 引用本文: | 郭颂,杨卫君,宋世龙,等.不同灌水量与生物炭用量对春小麦光合特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Guosong,Yang Weijun,Song Shilong,et al.不同灌水量与生物炭用量对春小麦光合特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究水炭耦合对北疆灌区春小麦光合特性及产量的影响。【方法】开展常规灌水量（w0）、灌水量减少10%（w1）、灌水量减少20%（w2）3个灌水量水平和不施生物炭（b0）、施加生物炭10 t/hm2（b1）、施加生物炭20 t/hm2（b2）3个生物炭施加量水平的2因素3水平试验，研究不同灌水量及生物炭用量对春小麦植株光合及产量的影响，建立基于生物炭施加量、灌水量与产量的拟合模型。【结果】生物炭施用量显著影响开花期叶面积指数。与b0w0处理相比，施生物碳与减少灌水量的组合春小麦LAI提升9.1%~25.41%，花后20 d春小麦SPAD值提升了1.7%~10.73%。不同灌水量处理显著影响春小麦光合特性、干物质积累量和产量形成；灌水量为w1条件下，施加适量的生物炭能促进春小麦开花期干物质积累量提升春小麦光合特性与产量；灌水量为w2时施加生物炭（b1w2、b2w2处理）会使春小麦光合特性下降，春小麦净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2摩尔分数分别下降11.58%~18.15%，55.85%~66.3%，67.42%~75.94%和16.2%~27.19%。灌水量对春小麦产量的影响较生物炭影响更大，但灌水量为w1条件下添加生物炭（b1w1、b2w1处理）的春小麦产量均保持在较高水平，b1w1处理春小麦产量较b0w0处理提升7.57%，而b2w1处理通过增加千粒质量提高产量，产量增幅达到3.36%。【结论】结合模型模拟分析可知，灌水量减少10%和生物炭施加20 t/hm2组合是最有利用于北疆灌区春小麦稳产、高产的施用模式。 |
| 关键词: 春小麦;生物炭;控水;光合特性;产量 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S512.1+2 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目（32260326）；新疆维吾尔自治区自然基金面上项目（2021D01A87） |
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| Effects of Different Irrigation Amount and Biochar Use on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Spring Wheat |
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Guosong, Yang Weijun, Song Shilong, Chen Yuxin, Yang Mei, Hui Chao, Zhang Jinshan
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College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for High-quality Specialty Wheat Crops, XinJiang Urumqi
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To explore the effects of water-carbon coupling on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat in the irrigation area of northern Xinjiang, and to provide technical support for water-saving irrigation of farmland in the irrigation area of northern Xinjiang. 【Method】 The method was carried out by a 2-factor 3-level experiment on the conventional irrigation water (w0), 10% reduction of irrigation water (w1), 20% (w2) reduction of irrigation water and no biochar (b0), 10 t/hm2 (b1) of biochar application, and 20 t/hm2 (b2) of biochar application, and the influence of different irrigation and biochar use on photosynthesis and yield of spring wheat plants, and a fitting model based on biochar application, irrigation and yield was established. 【Result】 The result was that the amount of biochar application significantly affected the leaf area index at the flowering stage. Compared with b0w0 treatment, the combination of biocarbon application and irrigation reduction of spring wheat LAI increased by 9.1%~ 25.41%, and the SPAD value of spring wheat in the 20 days after flowering increased by 1.7%~10.73%. Different irrigation treatments significantly affect the photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and yield formation of spring wheat; under the condition of reducing the amount of irrigation water is w1, the application of an appropriate amount of biochar can promote the material accumulation of spring wheat during the flowering stage to improve the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat; the application of biochar (b1w2, b2w2 treatment) when the irrigation water is w2, will reduce the photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat, and the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity and intercellular CO2 concentration of spring wheat will decrease by 11.58%~18.15% and 55.85%~ 66.3%, 67.42%~75.94% and 16.2%~27.19%. The influence of irrigation factors on spring wheat yield was greater than that of biochar factors, but the addition of biochar (b1w1, b2w1 treatment) under the condition of w1 in irrigation water, the spring wheat yield of both treatments remained at a high level, the spring wheat yield of b1w1 treatment increased by 7.57% compared with that of b0w0 treatment, and the yield increase of b2w1 treatment increased by increasing the yield by increasing 1000 grain weight, and the yield increase reached 3.36%.【Conclusion】Combined with the model simulation, the combination of 10% reduction in irrigation water and 20t/hm2 application of biochar is the most favorable application mode for stable and high yield of spring wheat in the irrigation area of northern Xinjiang. |
| Key words: Spring wheat;Biochar;Water control;Photosynthetic characteristics;production |
