| 引用本文: | 李红,宋秀华,陈超,等.注入式水肥一体化装置研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Li Hong,songxiuhua,Chen Chao,et al.注入式水肥一体化装置研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为实现固体肥的水肥一体化，设计了运行稳定、施肥均匀性高的水肥一体化装置并在设计的样机上进行试验，对注入式水肥一体化装置结构及加肥部分进行设计，分析了装置运行过程参数。【方法】对装置的运行参数进行了试验测定，并采用控制变量法探究了装置的工作参数对肥液浓度均匀性的影响。通过试验探究了装置的施肥性能，并与压差施肥罐进行了对比。【结果】注入式水肥一体化装置能正常工作运行，样机的注肥流量为300 L/h，加肥流量与步进电机转速成正比；本装置的搅拌速度越快、加肥流量越小、供水流量越大，肥液浓度均匀性就越高，且本装置施用5 kg复合肥时的最优搅拌速度为400 rpm；本装置在供水流量分别为1.5、1.0 m3/h和0.5 m3/h时，施完10 kg复合肥的施肥浓度偏差分别为51.67%、55.07%和52.75%，与同样施完10 kg复合肥的压差施肥罐相比，其施肥浓度偏差比压差施肥罐小50%，出口肥液浓度的稳定性和均匀性远高于压差施肥罐。【结论】注入式水肥一体化装置能有效实现固体肥的水肥一体化， 并将溶解的肥液持续注入到管道中；与同类型施肥设备相比本装置施肥均匀性高、施肥速度快，具有很强的工程应用价值。 |
| 关键词: 固体肥;水肥一体化;管道灌溉;施肥均匀性 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S257.9 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51939005) , 江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)项目(BE2021340) |
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| Study on Injected Fertigation Device |
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Li Hong, songxiuhua, Chen Chao, Zhang Zhiyang, Xia Huameng
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Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Fertigation is an important agricultural technology. It has the advantages of making full use of water and fertilizer resources and improving economic benefits. In recent ten years, it has developed rapidly in China. Fertilization device is the key device of fertigation, it is common in pressure differential tank, Venturi fertilizer applicator, proportional fertilizer pump and fertilizer injection pump. The existing fertilization devices mostly use liquid fertilizer for fertilizer, while solid fertilizer is used in field planting in China. 【Objective】 In order to realize the fertigation of solid fertilizer, the prototype of the injected fertigation device was designed and tested, indicating that the prototype was stable in operation and high fertilization uniformity. 【Method】The structure and fertilization part of injected fertigation device were designed, and the operation process parameters of the device were analyzed. The operating parameters of the device were tested and measured, and the influence of the working parameters of the device on the uniformity of the fertilizer concentration was explored. The fertilization performance of the device was explored through experiments and compared with the pressure differential tank. 【Result】The results show that the injected fertigation device can operate normally, the fertilizer injection flow rate of the prototype is 300 L/h, and the fertilizer-feeding flow rate is proportional to the speed of the stepper motor. The faster the mixing speed of the device, the higher the uniformity of the fertilizer concentration, and the optimal mixing speed is 400 rpm. The smaller the fertilizer-feeding flow rate, the higher the uniformity of the fertilizer concentration. The greater the water flow rate, the higher the uniformity of the fertilizer liquid concentration. When the water flow rate of this device was 1.5 m3/h, 1.0 m3/h and 0.5 m3/h, the fertilization concentration deviation after applying 10 kg of compound fertilizer was 51.67%, 55.07% and 52.75%, respectively, and the fertilization concentration deviation was 50% smaller than that of the pressure differential tank after the same 10 kg compound fertilizer. The stability and uniformity of the outlet fertilizer concentration of this device are much higher than those of the pressure differential tank. 【Conclusion】The injected fertigation device can output solid fertilizer solution into irrigation pipe, so as to realize fertigation of pipe irrigation system. Comparing with similar fertigation device, the injection fertigation device has higher fertilization uniformity and can output fertilizer faster, it has strong engineering application value. The current fertilization device has realized automatic operation. In the future, it can be considered to introduce the detection feedback system on the basis of the existing device fertilizer to improve the accuracy of the system and realize intelligent operation. |
| Key words: Solid fertilizer; Fertigation; pipe irrigation; Fertilization uniformity |
