| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究连续干旱胁迫对夏玉米叶绿素荧光特性、产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响，为夏玉米抗旱稳产提供理论指导。【方法】选用“DHA757”为试验材料，在拔节期、抽雄期和灌浆期（分别用B、C和G表示）设置了不同程度的干旱处理，即正常、轻旱、中旱和重旱（分别用CK、1、2和3表示），分别对应田间持水率（FC）的(70%，80%］、(60%，70%］、(50%，60%］和(40%，50%］，通过移动防雨棚下桶栽的方式控水，试验共设置了9个处理，分别是拔节期单旱2个，两阶段连旱（拔节-抽雄期）3个，三阶段连旱（拔节-抽雄-灌浆期）3个，对照1个，研究了连旱胁迫对夏玉米耗水量、SPAD、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、产量和WUE的影响。【结果】与CK相比，连旱胁迫显著降低了夏玉米的耗水量、SPAD、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo，且降幅随干旱程度的加剧而增大。不同干旱处理均会造成夏玉米减产，在拔节期单旱处理下，B3减产最明显，B2次之；两阶段连旱和三阶段连旱处理下，轻旱减产不明显，其他干旱程度都会导致产量显著降低。WUE在B2、B1C1、B2C2处理下较CK分别增加了5.1%、2.8%、6.3%，说明较低程度干旱有助于WUE的提高。【结论】结合产量和WUE，在水资源稀缺时，拔节期中旱（50%~60%FC）和拔节-抽雄期两阶段连续轻旱（60%~70%FC）是节水和保障粮食生产的适宜选择。 |
| 关键词: 连旱；夏玉米；叶绿素荧光特性；产量；水分利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S279.2 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学(52179015)；河南省重大科技专项(201300311400)；华北水利水电大学研究生创新课题(YK-2021-26)。 |
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| Effects of continuous drought on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, yield and water use efficiency of Summer Maize |
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li yanbin, lu zhengguang
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 to study the effects of continuous drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize, so as to provide theoretical guidance for drought resistance and stable yield of summer maize. 【Method】 “DHA757” was selected as the test material. Different degrees of drought treatments were set up in jointing-stage, tasseling stage and filling stage (expressed by B, C and G respectively), namely Normal, Light, Medium and Heavy drought (expressed by CK, 1, 2 and 3 respectively), Corresponding to (70%, 80%], (60%, 70%], (50%, 60%] and (40%, 50%] of field capacity (FC), water was controlled by bucket Planting under mobile rainproof shed. A total of 9 treatments were set up, including 2 single droughts in jointing-stage, 3 consecutive droughts in two-stage (jointing-tasseling stage), 3 consecutive droughts in three-stage (jointing-tasseling-filling stage) and 1 control. In each treatment, we measured water consumption, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, yield and WUE of summer maize. 【Result】 Compared with CK, continuous drought stress treatments decreased water consumption, SPAD, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of summer maize significantly, and the decrease increased with the aggravation of drought. Different drought treatments all can reduce the yield of summer maize. Under the single drought treatment at jointing-stage, the yield reduction of B3 was the most obvious, followed by B2; Under two-stage continuous drought and three-stage continuous drought treatments, the yield reduction of Light drought treatment was not obvious, and other treatments would lead to a significant reduction in yield. WUE increased by 5.1%, 2.8% and 6.3% compared with CK under B2, B1C1 andB2C2 treatments, respectively, indicating that a lower degree of drought is helpful to the improvement of WUE. 【Conclusion】 Combined with yield and WUE, when water resources are scarce, Medium drought in jointing-stage (50%~60%FC) and two-stage of continuous (jointing-tasseling stage) Light drought from (60%~70%FC) are suitable choices for saving water and ensuring food production. |
| Key words: continuous drought; summer maize; chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics; yield; water use efficiency |
