| 引用本文: | 肖哲元,雷宏军,张振华,等.基于Logistic模型的加气灌溉辣椒生长特性和产量研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):16-23. |
| XIAO Zheyuan,LEI Hongjun,ZHANG Zhenhua,et al.基于Logistic模型的加气灌溉辣椒生长特性和产量研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):16-23. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探明加气灌溉对土壤通气性、温室辣椒生长特性及产量的影响，为设施栽培条件下蔬菜增产增效提供理论依据。【方法】以辣椒为研究对象，设置施氮量N1（225 kg/hm2）和N2（300 kg/hm2）、加气量C（加气率0%）和A（加气率15%）、灌水量W1（682.8 m3/hm2）和W2（1 024.2 m3/hm2）的3因素2水平试验，采用Logistic模型拟合辣椒株高生长动态并定量分析其生长特征，研究不同处理土壤通气性、辣椒干物质量和产量的变化。【结果】灌水后第2 d，相同施氮量和加气量下，土壤充水孔隙率（WFPS）随灌水量的增加而显著增加；相同施氮量和灌水量下，加气处理相比不加气处理的土壤氧气扩散速率（ODR）有显著提升。在开花坐果期，加气灌溉对促进辣椒株高生长的效果最显著，增幅在9.0%以上。不同处理辣椒株高变化符合Logistic模型，且拟合度R2均在0.980以上，加气处理的株高最大增长速率和快速增长期平均增长速率较不加气处理分别提高了13.0%和11.8%。辣椒地上部干物质量和单株产量随加气量、施氮量和灌水量的增加而增加，其中N2AW2处理的单株产量最高（324.63 g/株），且产量与土壤ODR和株高呈正相关。【结论】加气灌溉可显著改善土壤通气状况，促进辣椒生长及干物质量积累和产量提升。利用Logistic模型可较为准确地描述辣椒株高生长动态，为设施作物在加气灌溉条件下的动态生长模拟提供理论依据。 |
| 关键词: 辣椒；加气灌溉；Logistic模型；生长特性；产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022138 |
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| Modelling Growth and Yield of Aerated Pepper by the Logistic Model |
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XIAO Zheyuan, LEI Hongjun, ZHANG Zhenhua, ZHANG Qian, JIN Cuicui, SUN Keping
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1. School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
2. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China;
3. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Aeration is to supply oxygen to the root zone by bubbling the irrigation water. It is an effective irrigation technology to improve crop growth in heavy-textured soils with low air permeability. The aim of this paper is to experimentally study the effect of aeration on growth and yield of pepper. 【Method】The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse designed using a three-factor randomized block. It consisted of two nitrogen applications: 225 kg/hm2 (N1) and 300 kg/hm2 (N2), two aerations with the volumetric fraction of the air being 0% (C) and 15% (A) respectively, and two irrigation amounts: 682.8 m3/hm2 (W1) and 1 024.2 m3/hm2 (W2). Crop growth traits in each treatment, including plant height, dry matter and yield, were described by the logistic model. 【Result】Second day after irrigation, the water-filled soil pore space (WFPS) increased significantly (P<0.05) with the irrigation amount when nitrogen application and aeration were the same. Adding 15% of air bubbles to the irrigation water significantly (P<0.05) improved oxygen diffusion rate in the soil when other treatments were the same. Aerated irrigation boosted crop growth during the flowering and fruit bearing period most, increasing by>9.0% (P<0.05). The crop elongation fitted to the logistic model well regardless of the treatments, with R2>0.980 (P<0.01). Aeration increased both maximum elongation rate and the average elongation rate over the rapid growth period of the crop by 13.0% and 11.8%, respectively, compared to the control without aeration. Similar as nitrogen application and irrigation, aeration also increased above-ground dry matter and fruit yield significantly (P<0.05). Of all treatments, fertilizing 300 kg/hm2 of N, irrigating 1 024.2 m3/hm2 of water, and adding 15% of air bubbles to the irrigation water achieved the highest yield, 324.63 g/plant. Fruit yield was positively correlated with oxygen diffusion rate and plant height. 【Conclusion】Aerated irrigation can significantly improve soil aeration, promote crop growth and accumulation of dry matter, thereby increasing fruit yield. The logistic model describes the elongation of the crop well regardless of the treatments. |
| Key words: pepper; aeration irrigation; Logistic model; growth characteristics; yield |
