| 引用本文: | 王冰蕊,才 硕,郭巧玲,等.水稻抗氧化性及产量对稻田淹涝退水过程的响应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):111-118. |
| WANG Bingrui,CAI Shuo,GUO Qiaoling,et al.水稻抗氧化性及产量对稻田淹涝退水过程的响应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(7):111-118. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究鄱阳湖区汛涝期稻田淹涝背景下，不同淹涝退水过程对水稻抗氧化性以及产量的影响。【方法】采用盆栽试验方法，在中稻拔节期分别设置泥沙量（S0: 0 kg/m3；S1: 0.10 kg/m3；S2: 0.25 kg/m3）、淹没历时（F1: 3 d；F2: 6 d）和退水历时（D1: 3 d；D2: 6 d）不同处理组合，同时设置正常控水生长的对照（CK），共13个处理。通过测定水稻剑叶SPAD值、叶片抗氧化性酶活性以及产量，研究水稻生长对不同淹涝退水过程的响应机制。【结果】①水稻叶片SPAD值随泥沙量、淹没历时或退水历时的增加而减少，在淹没结束并开始退水前达到最低值，S2F2D2处理在持续淹没达到6 d时较CK下降幅度最大（46.40%）。②水稻叶片SOD活性、POD活性及MDA量随淹涝退水过程先上升后下降，均在淹没结束并开始退水前达到最大值。③水稻经不同淹涝退水处理后表现为千粒质量显著下降（P＜0.05），进而导致水稻产量降低，其中S0F2D2处理和S2F2D2处理较CK减产幅度最大，分别达到52.22%和52.00%。【结论】受拔节期不同淹涝退水过程的影响，中稻抗氧化性增强、产量下降。与泥沙量相比，淹没历时和退水历时是影响水稻产量的主要因素，淹没退水历时越长产量减幅越大。在试验条件下，将中稻拔节期淹涝退水历时控制在6 d内，可有效减少水稻受灾、降低洪涝损失。 |
| 关键词: 水稻；淹涝；泥沙量；退水；抗氧化 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022195 |
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| Response of Oxidation Resistance and Yield of Rice to Onset and Recession of Waterlogging |
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WANG Bingrui, CAI Shuo, GUO Qiaoling, SHI Hong,
SHI Yuanzhi, ZHAO Shujun, JIANG Chengming
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1. East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China;
2. Jiangxi Central Station of Irrigation Experiment, Nanchang 330201, China;
3. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China; 4. China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The plum rainy season from May to July in southern China is a period where rice accumulates nutrients. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of onset, duration of flooding and recession of waterlogging in this period on oxidation resistance and yield of rice in the catchment of Poyang Lake. 【Method】Pot experiments with Semilate rice as the model plants were conducted when the crop was in the elongation stage. Sediment contents of the surface water was 0 kg/m3 (S0), 0.10 kg/m3(S1) and 0.25 kg/m3 (S2), respectively. For each sediment content, there were two waterlogging treatments with the duration of surface-flooding being 3d (F1) and 6 d (F2) respectively. For each sediment and waterlogging combination, there were two drainages with the duration of the surface water receding being 3 d (D1) and 6 d (D2) respectively. The control was without taking interferences (CK). In each treatment, we measured the SPAD, activity of antioxidant enzymes in the flag leaves and the rice yield. We then analyzed the response of the rice to waterlogging and its associated recession. 【Result】①The SPAD decreased with the increase in sediment content, duration of flooding and its recession; it peaked prior to the onset of the drainage. The greatest SPAD fall was in S2+F2+D2, decreasing by 46.20% compared to the CK. ②The activities of SOD and POD, as well as MDA content increased first followed by a decline as the waterlogging recessed; they all peaked prior to the starting of the drainage. ③Waterlogging reduced the 1 000-grain weight and hence the grain yield significantly, compared to the CK (P<0.05), especially S0+F2+D2 and S2+F2+D2 whose yield was down by 52.22% and 52.00%, respectively, than the CK.【Conclusion】The enhanced oxidation resistance in semilate rice leaves due to waterlogging at the elongation stage reduced the grain yield. Among the three factors we investigated, duration of flooding and flooding recession affected the rice yield more. To alleviate yield reduction, the duration of the waterlogging and the time it takes to drain the flooding should be less than six days. |
| Key words: rice; waterlogging; sediment content; drainage; oxidation resistance |
