| 引用本文: | 向玉凤,李晓云,李自强.基于湖北两市调查数据的差异化水价、农业用水成本及用水公平性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(11):139-146. |
| XIANG Yufeng,LI Xiaoyun,LI Ziqiang.基于湖北两市调查数据的差异化水价、农业用水成本及用水公平性研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(11):139-146. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】区域水资源科学配置是优化水资源利用问题的关键举措，而兼顾用水效率和用水公平是实现水资源合理配置的重要前提。农户作为农业生产的主体，减轻农户生产成本负担对于保证农户生产积极性和粮食安全生产至关重要。差异化水价会造成农户用水成本的差异，带来用水不公平问题。对此，分析造成差异化水价的原因，对于合理控制用水成本、减轻农户负担、缩小区域用水成本差异、保障农户间用水公平性具有重要意义。【方法】以2020年湖北省农户调查与村集体访谈数据为基础，结合文献资料，对区域水价差异明显的典型问题进行具体分析，探讨造成水价差异的原因。【结果】当前水价标准呈多样化特征，由资源禀赋差异等带来的区域间水价差异具有一定的合理性，但在具有相似资源禀赋的区域内，水价仍存在较大差异。水费管理模式、政策实施导向、水利设施建设主体等因素造成了区域农户用水成本的差异，实践中表现为水价的差异。【结论】为缩小区域内用水成本差异、保障农业用水公平，建议在区域内合理制定用水管理模式、推进非灌区水利建设、整合已有个体水利设施。 |
| 关键词: 农业水价；差异化；用水公平性；资源禀赋；水价综合改革 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022173 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Differentiating Water Price, Agricultural Water Cost and Water Fairness Based on Survey Data in Hubei Province |
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XIANG Yufeng, LI Xiaoyun, LI Ziqiang
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School of Economic Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Rational allocation of water resources is a key measure to solve the problem of water resource utilization and depends on water efficiency and water equity. As the main body of agricultural production, reducing the burden of farmers’ production cost is very important to ensure farmers’ production enthusiasm and ensure food production safety. Differentiating water price will lead to the difference of farmers' water use cost and the unfairness of water use. In this regard, the analysis of the influencing factors of differentiated water prices is of great significance to reasonably control the water cost, reduce the burden of farmers, reduce the regional water cost difference, and ensure the water equity among farmers.【Method】Based on the data of household survey and village collective interview in Hubei Province in 2020, combining with literature review, this paper analyzes the typical problems with obvious water price differences in the region, and discusses the influencing factors of water price differences.【Result】The current water price standard shows diverse characteristics, and the inter regional water price difference caused by the difference of resource endowment is reasonable, but there are still great differences in water prices in regions with similar resource endowment. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the differences in water cost to farmers in the region are caused by factors such as water fee management mode, bias policy implementation and the main body of water conservancy facilities construction, which is reflected in the differences in water prices in practice.【Conclusion】In order to narrow the difference in water use cost within the region and ensure fairness in agricultural water use, it is suggested to reasonably formulate water use management, promote water conservancy construction in non-irrigation areas and integrate individual water conservancy facilities with multi-investment. |
| Key words: agricultural water price; differentiation; fairness of water use; resource endowment; Comprehensive reform of water price |
