| 引用本文: | 何东晓,卫艺平,曹晓然.流域水生态补偿标准、模式和挑战[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S1):79-82. |
| HE Dongxiao,WEI Yiping,CAO Xiaoran.流域水生态补偿标准、模式和挑战[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,41(S1):79-82. |
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| 摘要: |
| 流域水生态补偿是以水资源保护为主线，有效平衡流域经济发展与水资源保护关系的经济激励手段。目前国内外专家、学者对流域水生态补偿进行了积极探索，然而相关的流域水生态补偿机制并没有系统梳理。本文系统总结和讨论了生态补偿主客体、补偿标准和补偿模式等领域热点问题，描述了流域水生态补偿发展过程，从水量和水质的角度分类分析了补偿标准研究现状，探讨了当前的流域水生态补偿模式和实施流域水生态补偿面临的主要挑战。总结出流域水生态补偿研究需要转变流域水生态补偿模式，鼓励流域水生态补偿自发实施，使地方承担更多的支出、以减轻国家财政压力。 |
| 关键词: 流域水生态补偿；水量水质；资金分配 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022158 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Watershed Water Ecological Compensation Standards, Schemes and Challenges |
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HE Dongxiao, WEI Yiping, CAO Xiaoran
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University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China)
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| Abstract: |
| Watershed water ecological compensation is an economic incentive to effectively balance the relationship between watershed economic development and water resources protection, with water resources protection as the main line. At present, experts and scholars has studied water ecological compensation widely, however, the relevant watershed water ecological compensation mechanism has not been systematically sorted out. This paper systematically summarizes and discusses hot issues in the fields of ecological compensation subjects and objects, compensation standards and compensation schemes, describes the development process of watershed water ecological compensation, analyses the current status of research on compensation standards from the perspectives of water quantity and quality, and discusses the current watershed water ecological compensation schemes and the main challenges facing the implementation of watershed water ecological compensation. It concludes that the research on watershed water ecological compensation needs to change the watershed water ecological compensation schemes, encourage the spontaneous implementation of watershed water ecological compensation, and make localities bear more of the expenses to reduce the pressure on the national finance. |
| Key words: watershed ecological compensation; water quantity and quality; fund allocation |
