| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同水生植物对污染水体中氮、磷的去除效果，为构建沟渠湿地系统提供支撑。【方法】选择我国水泽地区常见的芦苇、蒲草、空心菜和睡莲作为研究对象，以轻度、中度、重度富营养化3种污染等级水体中氮和磷质量浓度的变化为依据，分析4种水生植物对不同质量浓度污水中氮和磷的吸收效果，同时对水生植物在不同生长阶段去除氮和磷的情况进行研究。【结果】芦苇、蒲草、空心菜在3种污染质量浓度水体中，随着氮、磷污染质量浓度的增加，脱氮、除磷效果有所增强；脱氮方面，芦苇、蒲草、空心菜在萌发期和生殖生长期脱氮效果最好；除磷方面，芦苇在营养生长期对磷的吸收最多，蒲草和空心菜在萌发期对磷的吸收量大，睡莲适应性有限，脱氮除磷效果不是很好。【结论】综合考虑4种水生植物的脱氮除磷效果以及景观、经济价值，选择芦苇、蒲草、空心菜3种挺水植物作为沟渠湿地生态修复优势植物种。 |
| 关键词: 水生植物；脱氮除磷；富营养化；农业面源污染 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2022261 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Study on the Removal Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eutrophic Water by Different Plants |
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LIU Jiaomei
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1. China Railway Fifth Survey and Design Institute Group Co, LTD., Beijing 102600, China;
2. Beijing China Railway Eco-Environment Design Institute Co., LTD., Beijing 102600, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To study the removal effect of different aquatic plants on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in polluted water, so as to provide support for the construction of ditch wetland system.【Method】The common aquatic plants such as reed, papyrus, water spinach and water lily in the water area of my country were selected as the research objects. The dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake in sewage with different concentrations by four aquatic plants were studied, and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by aquatic plants at different growth stages was also studied.【Result】In the three polluted water bodies of reed, papyrus and water spinach, with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution concentrations, the denitrification and phosphorus removal effects were enhanced. In terms of phosphorus removal, reed absorbs the most phosphorus in the vegetative growth period, and pupa and water spinach absorb a large amount of phosphorus in the germination period.【Conclusion】In comprehensive consideration of the denitrification and phosphorus removal effects of four aquatic plants, as well as their landscape and economic values, three emergent plants, reed, papyrus and water spinach, were selected as the dominant plant species for ecological restoration of ditch wetlands. |
| Key words: aquatic plants; nitrogen and phosphorus removal; eutrophication; agricultural non-point source pollution |
